{"id":66824,"date":"2022-09-02T11:52:52","date_gmt":"2022-09-02T18:52:52","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/?p=66824"},"modified":"2022-09-02T12:44:34","modified_gmt":"2022-09-02T19:44:34","slug":"astroinformatics-bootcamp","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/astroinformatics-bootcamp\/","title":{"rendered":"How an astroinformatics bootcamp is making the universe accessible"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The room is large, with half a dozen students spaced out from one end to the other. It\u2019s overcast outside, and the lights are dimmed inside. The room is still with the hum of quiet whispers and tapping on keyboards; students are engaged with their computer screens, though they occasionally talk to the student at the next table over or call for a professor.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">A casual observer might not suspect that those students were answering the questions of the universe and asking a few of their own at the same time.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">This was the scene during NAU\u2019s inaugural astroinformatics boot camp, a joint venture between the Department of Astronomy and Planetary Science (DAPS) and the School of Informatics, Computing, and Cyber Systems (SICCS). DAPS Chair <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">David Trilling<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, SICCS assistant professor <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Michael Gowanlock<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> and SICCS master\u2019s student <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Daniel Kramer<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> ran the bootcamp, which<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> was funded by the Las Cumbres Observatory and the Heising-Simons Foundation with the goal of increasing diversity in astronomy- and computer science-related fields.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">It&#8217;s an important goal, not only for NAU but also for these disciplines. Recent studies show that physical sciences and computer sciences are near the bottom in terms of bachelor\u2019s degrees awarded to many underrepresented groups, and that means less diversity of ideas and in creative problem-solving. It also limits career opportunities in stable fields; according to the NSF, unemployment is lower for scientists and engineers than other occupations, and they\u2019re on average higher-paying jobs. As a Hispanic Serving Institute, it\u2019s part of NAU\u2019s mission as well.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201cBy providing hands-on training to students from underrepresented backgrounds, we are helping to create potential career paths for students from Arizona and our region, as well as contributing to the growth of the national STEM economy,\u201d Trilling said.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Seven students, who come from a range of majors and backgrounds, spent a week in August before the semester started immersed in big data\u2014universe-sized data, in fact. They were working with images from large telescopes to study asteroids. The problem is that there is an enormous amount of data produced by these all-sky astronomical surveys. So the students made the universe smaller. They wrote and tested algorithms that measured asteroid properties, looked for unusual or changing asteroid behaviors and identified the most efficient computer science algorithms to employ.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">These are the skills that the students\u2014all seniors this year\u2014will take into their job search or graduate career regardless of the field they pursue.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201cOne of the best things you can do, especially if you don\u2019t know which career path you\u2019re going into, is to just get as much experience as you can and try new things,\u201d participant <\/span><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Michael Rocha<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\"> said.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Seven students participated in the bootcamp:<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"1\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Kyle Young<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a computer science major from Phoenix<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"2\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">William Havas<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, an astronomy major from Redmond, Washington<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"3\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Savannah Chappus<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a mathematics and animation major from Flagstaff<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Scott Austin<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a computer science major from Southern California\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Charlie Saluski<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a computer science major from the Phoenix area<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Loren Larrieu<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, an electrical engineering major from Flagstaff<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<li data-leveltext=\"\uf0b7\" data-font=\"Symbol\" data-listid=\"2\" data-list-defn-props=\"{&quot;335552541&quot;:1,&quot;335559684&quot;:-2,&quot;335559685&quot;:720,&quot;335559991&quot;:360,&quot;469769226&quot;:&quot;Symbol&quot;,&quot;469769242&quot;:[8226],&quot;469777803&quot;:&quot;left&quot;,&quot;469777804&quot;:&quot;\uf0b7&quot;,&quot;469777815&quot;:&quot;hybridMultilevel&quot;}\" aria-setsize=\"-1\" data-aria-posinset=\"4\" data-aria-level=\"1\"><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Michael Rocha<\/span><\/b><span data-contrast=\"none\">, a computer engineering major from Phoenix<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">The bootcamp was open to all students who had taken certain courses, with an emphasis on groups who have been historically underrepresented in astronomy, data science and computing. And the organizers looked for ways to ensure those students could participate. Not every student can take an unpaid week off\u2014so students were paid to participate. Not every student had all the needed skills\u2014so the professors taught the skills, walked the students through the tasks and supported them while letting the students take the lead. The goal was to give every student the opportunity to do research and become stronger candidates when they graduate.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201cThe students learned some of the skills that encompass the role of a data scientist,\u201d Gowanlock said. \u201cThis is currently one of the fasting growing jobs in industry, and in terms of other academic fields, the skills are highly transferable; a student from the bootcamp could apply what they learned to other disciplines, such as those in STEM, business and social sciences, among others.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"none\">Astroinformatics and the art of \u2018needle in a haystack\u2019 science<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">This new field is the combination of astronomy and computer science. Trilling said astronomy is undergoing a revolution; an increasing amount of research is driven by massive all-sky telescopic surveys, including a new 10-year, billion-dollar effort beginning in 2024. They offer unprecedented views of the universe and a mind-boggling amount of data.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">\u201cThese surveys produce so much data that no human could ever look at the data; instead, we need computational algorithms to analyze the data,\u201d Trilling said. \u201cSo, this revolution is really being driven by technological advances that allow us to create such large-scale surveys and to analyze them through software.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">Astroinformatics, then, is necessary to put this large-scale survey data to use. Trilling said scientists have never known so<\/span><\/p>\n<figure id=\"attachment_66826\" aria-describedby=\"caption-attachment-66826\" style=\"width: 474px\" class=\"wp-caption alignleft\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\" wp-image-66826\" src=\"http:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wordpresst\/uploads\/sites\/153\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/09\/20210527_180601.jpg\" alt=\"Telescope facility in Chile against cloudy skies\" width=\"474\" height=\"355\" srcset=\"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2022\/09\/20210527_180601.jpg 1000w, https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2022\/09\/20210527_180601-300x225.jpg 300w, https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2022\/09\/20210527_180601-768x576.jpg 768w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 474px) 100vw, 474px\" \/><figcaption id=\"caption-attachment-66826\" class=\"wp-caption-text\"><em>The LSST facility in Chile. Credit: Rubin Obs\/NSF\/AURA. Top image: Astrophotography, taken at the summit in August and September 2021. Credit: Bruno Quint<\/em><\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">much about all the categories of \u201cthings\u201d in the universe. They also provide the opportunity for \u201cneedle in a haystack\u201d science by finding rare astrophysical objects from which astronomers can learn about extreme and unusual events in the history of the solar system and the universe.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"none\">This big data, of course, requires big computing. The students used Jupyter and Python to write and run code and used Monsoon, NAU\u2019s supercomputer.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><b><\/b><\/p>\n<h3><b><span data-contrast=\"auto\">A day at bootcamp<\/span><\/b><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/h3>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Early in the week, the students split into three general groups, although their work split further. Chappus, Austin and Saluski looked at data available through current telescopes in preparation for the opening of a large-scale telescope in Chile. Using NAU\u2019s SNAPS program\u2014Solar System Notification Alert Processing System\u2014they used a standard deviation model to look for outliers in the data.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">This will help analyze data from the new telescope, with its 3.2-billion-pixel camera with the goal of understanding how our solar system formed.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201cIt would take 542 laptops to display one of the photos, so we\u2019re not looking at the photos, we\u2019re looking at the output data and figuring out how to find interesting objects for the public to then consume and go, \u2018oh, there\u2019s this interesting asteroid, I want to go look at it,\u2019\u201d Chappus said. \u201cThat\u2019s the idea.\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Saluski was using the same data to look at changes in behavior that could indicate a collision in the asteroid belt. Scientists rarely see this happen, but they see evidence of it. <\/span><span data-contrast=\"none\">Larrieu<\/span><span data-contrast=\"auto\"> and Rocha\u2019s work was looking at data that showed asteroids\u2019 color\u2014red means old, but blue could mean a collision happened, knocked off the older red crust and allowed for fresher ground.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Young was writing code to figure out which parameters, out of 32,000 combinations, showed correlation among asteroids. Correlation could give scientists information about whether an asteroid had a collision or what other features it might have based on what asteroids it was like or was not like. Havas used available data to locate asteroids in the sky and determine whether their features necessitated more research.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">There were a lot of ups and downs\u2014codes had errors, sometimes the algorithm worked but didn\u2019t find the object, other times finding an answer just meant more questions. There also was the logistics of the work\u2014this amount of computing required a massive amount of computer memory. But they kept going.<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">Twice a day, the group came together and presented their work for the day\u2014their results, processes and stumbling blocks. Students and professors asked questions, challenged ideas and prompted ways to overcome difficulties.\u00a0<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><span data-contrast=\"auto\">\u201cWe all sat in a room for a week and worked together on these problems,\u201d Trilling said. \u201cWorking side-by-side\u2014especially during a week when there were relatively few outside distractions\u2014really helped the students make a lot of progress, and I think they had fun doing it\u2014and so did the instructors!\u201d<\/span><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n<p><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignleft wp-image-56007\" src=\"http:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wordpresst\/uploads\/sites\/153\/wp-content\/uploads\/2019\/06\/NAU_primary-281_3514-300x213.png\" alt=\"Northern Arizona University Logo\" width=\"123\" height=\"87\" srcset=\"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2019\/06\/NAU_primary-281_3514-300x213.png 300w, https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2019\/06\/NAU_primary-281_3514-768x546.png 768w, https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2019\/06\/NAU_primary-281_3514-600x426.png 600w, https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/wp-content\/uploads\/sites\/402\/2019\/06\/NAU_primary-281_3514.png 905w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 123px) 100vw, 123px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Heidi Toth | NAU Communications<br \/>\n(928) 523-8737 | <a href=\"mailto:heidi.toth@nau.edu\">heidi.toth@nau.edu<\/a><\/p>\n<div class=\"dnd-legend-wrapper\">\n<div class=\"caption\"><\/div>\n<div class=\"credits\"><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p><span data-ccp-props=\"{}\">\u00a0<\/span><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p><a class=\"search-results-excerpt-link\" href=\"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/astroinformatics-bootcamp\/\">The room is large, with half a dozen students spaced out from one end to the other. It\u2019s overcast outside, and the lights are dimmed inside. The room is still with the hum of quiet whispers and tapping on keyboards; students are engaged with their computer screens, though they occasionally talk to the student at&hellip;<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":59,"featured_media":66828,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[11],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-66824","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-research-academics"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66824","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/59"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=66824"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/66824\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/66828"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=66824"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=66824"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/in.nau.edu\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=66824"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}