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Center for Community Health and Engaged Research (CHER) publications
Faculty and staff publications
NAU faculty and staff have the opportunity to publish their findings and knowledge as authors. CHER has many researchers that have been cited multiple times in major publications for their great work. We have accumulated all faculty publications into one, easy to navigate database.
Jiménez, Dulce J.; Olin, Alexandra; Milczarek-Desai, Shefali; Anastario, Michael; Longorio, Alexandra E. Samarron; Encinas, Dolores; Wilcox, Patricia; Redondo-Martinez, Floribella; de Zapien, Jill Guernsey; Sabo, Samantha Hearts in Action: supporting precarious workers in Arizona, a community-based participatory research approach Journal Article In: Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 14 - 2026, no. 1736253, 2026. @article{Jiménez2026,Introduction: Precarious low-wage work, marked by instability, limited protections, and high occupational risk, disproportionately affects Latine immigrant workers, contributing to chronic stress, poor health, and cardiovascular risk. In Arizona, sectors such as agriculture, hospitality, and domestic services expose workers to compounded work- and non-work-related stressors, amplified by right-to-work laws and anti-immigrant policies.Methods: Hearts in Action, developed through the community-based participatory research (CBPR) initiative Aquí Entre Nos, is a community-driven intervention designed to address work as a social determinant of health and empower workers to advocate for healthy workplaces. Six bilingual and bicultural community health workers (CHWs) co-led four group-based sessions with 50 Latine precarious workers, integrating a workers’ rights advocacy toolkit with an adapted evidence-based cardiovascular health program.Results: CHWs guided recruitment, retention, facilitation, and participatory data collection, ensuring cultural relevance and creating safe spaces for candid discussion. Strategic partnerships with community and academic partners and legal experts further strengthened intervention design and delivery. Pre-post surveys and semi-structured group reflections assessed changes in health outcomes, occupational self-efficacy, and perceptions about workplace wellbeing and advocacy for change in the labor conditions.Discussion: Findings underscore CHWs’ critical role in fostering trust, amplifying community voices, and supporting participant empowerment. Hearts in Action offers evidence of feasibility for a CHW-led and worker-centered approach to improve workplace conditions and worker health, offering a model for integrating community perspectives, legal expertise, and public health strategies to promote wellbeing, advocacy, and structural change in the context of precarious labor. |
Witzel, Dakota D; Cerino, Eric S; Turner, Shelbie G; Stawski, Robert S; Mejia, Shannon T; Hooker, Karen 'With or without you': associations between noteworthy events and cognitive complaints across 100 days Journal Article In: Aging and Mental Health, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1667-1675, 2024. @article{Witzel2024,Objectives: Daily noteworthy events have implications for physical and mental health, but less is known about the role daily events have for self-reported cognition and whether the involvement of close social partners differentiates these associations. The current study examined how daily positive and negative noteworthy events relate to subjective memory and attentional difficulties and whether close social partners moderated associations. Method: We used data from a 100-day microlongitudinal web-based study of 104 older adults (Nobservations=7,051; Mage=63.13 years, SDage=7.81, 88.46% Female). Participants reported on exposure to and valence of noteworthy events, involvement of close social partners, and subjective cognitive complaints at the end of each day. Results: Logistic multilevel models revealed that days with a negative event were associated with increased odds of forgetting something and trouble concentrating whereas days with positive events were associated with decreased odds of trouble concentrating. Close social partner involvement did not moderate within-person associations. Conclusion: Our results suggest that day-to-day events are correlates of cognitive complaints regardless of close social partner involvement in the events. Research should clarify the role of daily positive and negative events in personalized interventions and determine whether this person-centered approach to self-reported cognitive health helps inform diagnostic practices. |
Lee, Michele S.; Day, Arden D.; Bassford, Tamsen L.; Lininger, MOnica; Armin, Julie; Williamson, Heather In: Journal of Cancer Education, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 706-712, 2024. @article{Lee2024, |
Anastario, Michael Embodying Biodiversity: Sensory Conservation as Refuge and Sovereignty Book University of Arizona Press, 2024, ISBN: 9780816553990. @book{Anastario2024c,Harnessing a myriad of methodologies and research spanning multiple continents, this volume delves into the power of everyday forms of biodiversity conservation, motivated by sensory and embodied engagement with plants. Through an array of interdisciplinary contributions, the authors argue that the vast majority of biodiversity conservation worldwide is carried out not by large-scale, hierarchical initiatives but by ordinary people who cultivate sensory-motivated, place-based bonds with plants. Acknowledging the monumental role of everyday champions in tending biodiversity, the contributors write that this caretaking is crucial to countering ecological harm and global injustice stemming from colonial violence and racial capitalism. |
Lindly, Olivia; Wahl, Taylor; Stotts, Noa; Kirby, Brianna; Asantewaa, Sarah; Shui, Amy Health literacy and COVID-19 pandemic impacts among adults in rural northern Arizona Journal Article In: Rural Remote Health, 2024. @article{Lindly2024b,Introduction: Limited health literacy - the ability to access, process, and use health information and services - contributes to persistent health inequities. Yet little is known about associations of limited health literacy with impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for US adults in rural areas. This study sought to determine associations of limited health literacy with impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse sample of adults in rural Northern Arizona. Methods: A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted with 119 adults from June 2020 to August 2021. Participants were recruited from two federally qualified health centers and by word of mouth. The Newest Vital Sign was used to measure health literacy, and the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory was used to measure the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on various aspects of personal and family life (eg spent more time on screens and devices, had family celebrations canceled or restricted). Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable linear regression statistics were computed. Results: Nineteen percent of participants had limited health literacy, and participants had an average of 22 individual impacts and 2 household impacts of the 92 COVID-19 impacts assessed. Multivariable regression model results showed that being male versus female or having public only versus any private insurance was significantly associated with fewer individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Being black, Indigenous, people of color versus White or being Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish versus not were each associated with significantly more individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Limited versus adequate health literacy was significantly associated with more household COVID-19 impacts on average. Sensitivity analysis results further showed that limited versus adequate health literacy was associated with significantly higher adjusted rates of household social, emotional, and infection COVID-19 impacts. Conclusion: This study's findings highlight the importance of assessing and accounting for health literacy in clinical practice and health services research addressing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and future emergency events. |
Begay, Chassity; Kahn, Carmella; Johnson, Tressica; Dickerson, Christopher; Tutt, Marissa; Begay, Amber-rose; Bauer, Mark; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette Developing a Public Health Course to Train Undergraduate Student Health Messengers to Address Vaccine Hesitancy in an American Indian Community Journal Article In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 10, 2024. @article{Begay2024,The purpose of the Diné Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) project was to develop strategies for health communication that addressed COVID-19 vaccine safety for residents of the Navajo Nation. The RAVE project developed a 16-week course using the Diné Educational Philosophy as a framework to train Diné College (DC) public health undergraduate students (n = 16) as health messengers to share COVID-19 vaccine safety information with unvaccinated peers and relatives. An online community survey (n = 50) was used to assess DC community vaccination perceptions to guide course development. The two primary reasons survey participants got vaccinated were to protect the health of others [82% (n = 41)] and to protect their own health [76% (n = 38)]. A pretest/post-test and a retrospective pretest (n = 13) were implemented to determine course effectiveness. A finding approaching significance was related to student confidence in being health messengers (9.1% increase). RAVE offers the first example in the published literature of successfully training American Indian undergraduate students in the context of a public health course to contribute to the response workforce during a public health crisis. |
Barger, Steven D; Kirby, Christine; Thomas, Heather; Camplain, Carolyn; Young, Sara; Morrison, Gerlinda; Hyeoma, Stephanie; Bordeaux, Skyler J; Horowitz, Chloe; Baldwin, Julie A Pre-Pandemic and Recent Oral and Medical Health Care Utilization among Young American Indian Children and Their Caregivers Journal Article In: Journal of Community Health, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 914-925, 2024. @article{Barger2024,Children from diverse ethnic groups are at significantly increased risk for dental caries. In particular, American Indian (AI) children have the highest incidence of detal caries of any ethnic group. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically restricted health care access, including preventive oral health care. Given this context, it is unclear whether or not preventive oral health care for AI children has resumed since lockdown. To address this question, we surveyed adult AI caregivers (N = 152) of children aged 0-5 years, assessing recent (12-month) and pre-COVID (for caregivers of children aged 3-5 years) preventive oral and medical health services. We also examined medical health care access and utilization among caregivers. Among children aged 3-5 years old, both pre-pandemic and past year medical care utilization were generally high (80 and 90%, respectively) as was any oral health care utilization (64 & 78%, respectively). Oral health check-ups were more common over the last year (62%) compared to pre-COVID (44%). Recent health care utilization among children 1-5 years old in this sample were generally comparable to national estimates, except for higher reported preventive medical care (99% vs. 87.6%, respectively) and higher preventive oral care (96% vs. 59.6%, respectively). More caregivers reported delaying or foregoing needed health care due to COVID (28-38%) versus due to cost (8-17%). In this survey of AI caregivers, recent child preventive health care utilization was high, and changes in utilization following the lockdown phases of the pandemic were comparable for oral and medical health care. |
Lininger, Monica R.; Root, Hayley J. Psychometric Properties of the PLAYself in a Cohort of Secondary School Student-Athletes Journal Article In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 1294, 2024. @article{Lininger2024b,Background: Physical literacy is the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding, enabling individuals to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life. While tools exist to measure physical literacy in most populations, the psychometric properties of the Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAY) tool in an older adolescent age group are currently unknown. The purpose of this work was to determine the psychometric properties of the PLAY tool, specifically the PLAYself, in an older adolescent age group (~14–18 years). Methods: One hundred and fifty-one secondary school in-season student-athletes completed the PLAYself, with construct validity assessed using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Results: Results from the EFA yielded a 7-factor model across the three subsections (environment, physical literacy self-description, relative rankings of literacies) of the PLAYself, all with acceptable levels of internal consistency. Conclusions: The PLAYself produced acceptable estimates for construct validity and reliability, making it a useful tool for measuring physical literacy in secondary school student-athletes. |
Pearson, Talima; Kramer, Sarah; Yagüe, David Panisello; Nangkuu, Emmanuel; Medina-Rodriguez, Sarah; Wood, Colin; Hepp, Crystal; Camplain, Ricky; Mihaljevic, Joseph; Milner, Trudie Staphylococcus aureus infection disparities among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in Yuma, Arizona Journal Article In: Antimicrobial Steward Healthcare Epidemiology, vol. 4, no. 1, 2024. @article{Pearson2024,Staphylococcus aureus infection patterns in Yuma, Arizona show a 2.25x higher infection rate in non-Hispanics. Males had higher infection rates in most age classes. These disparities in infection are mostly consistent with previously observed patterns in colonization, suggesting that sex and ethnicity do not differentially impact colonization and infection. |
Isaki, Emi; Lininger, Monica; Cross, Evelyn Academic Skills Used by College Students Without Brain Injury: A Validation Study Journal Article In: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 2524-2535, 2024. @article{Isaki2024,Purpose: The purpose of this study was to develop a brief, ecologically valid measure of academic-related skills used by students in both in-person and online higher education. Method: Twelve undergraduate (n = 7) and graduate (n = 5) college students without brain injury participated in a pilot study followed by focus group semistructured interviews. Next, preliminary normative data were collected from a larger sample of undergraduate (n = 152) and graduate (n = 73) students without brain injury, ages 18–35 years. Participants were asked to rate the cognitive, communicative, and academic skills they used for in-person and online instruction. The students completed a 27-item scale (Likert, 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree). Results: Following an exploratory factor analysis, seven distinct factors were retained creating the final instrument in the population without brain injury. These included sustained attention, metacognition, working memory, problem solving, reading comprehension, selective attention, and processing speed. Conclusions: Responses from college students without brain injury helped to validate items on the College Readiness After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury scale. Undergraduate and graduate students identified the skills they used in both online and in-person academic learning environments. Future plans include the recruitment of students with mild traumatic brain injury returning to higher education to investigate the sensitivity of the scale. |
Piña, Alejandra; Elko, Evan A.; Caballero, Rachel; Metrailer, Morgan; Mulrow, Mary; Quan, Dan; Nordstrom, Lora; Altin, John A.; Ladner, Jason T. Mapping disparities in viral infection rates using highly multiplexed serology Journal Article In: mSphere. Immunology, vol. 9, 2024. @article{Piña2024,Despite advancements in medical interventions, the disease burden caused by viral pathogens remains large and highly diverse. This burden includes the wide range of signs and symptoms associated with active viral replication as well as a variety of clinical sequelae of infection. Moreover, there is growing evidence supporting the existence of sex- and ethnicity-based health disparities linked to viral infections and their associated diseases. Despite several well-documented disparities in viral infection rates, our current understanding of virus-associated health disparities remains incomplete. This knowledge gap can be attributed, in part, to limitations of the most commonly used viral detection methodologies, which lack the breadth needed to characterize exposures across the entire virome. Additionally, virus-related health disparities are dynamic and often differ considerably through space and time. In this study, we utilize PepSeq, an approach for highly multiplexed serology, to broadly assess an individual’s history of viral exposures, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for detecting infection disparities through a pilot study of 400 adults aged 30–60 in Phoenix, AZ. Using a human virome PepSeq library, we observed expected seroprevalence rates for several common viruses and detected both expected and previously undocumented differences in inferred rates of infection between our male/female and Hispanic/non-Hispanic White individuals. IMPORTANCE Our understanding of population-level virus infection rates and associated health disparities is incomplete. In part, this is because of the high diversity of human-infecting viruses and the limited breadth and sensitivity of traditional approaches for detecting infection events. Here, we demonstrate the potential for modern, highly multiplexed antibody detection methods to greatly increase our understanding of disparities in rates of infection across subpopulations (e.g., different sexes or ethnic groups). The use of antibodies as biomarkers allows us to detect evidence of past infections over an extended period, and our approach for highly multiplexed serology (PepSeq) allows us to measure antibody responses against hundreds of viruses in an efficient and cost-effective manner. |
Ignacio, Matt; Oesterle, Sabrina; Rodriguez-González, Natalia; Lopez, Gilberto; Ayers, Stephanie; Ann Carver,; Wolfersteig, Wendy; Williams, James Herbert; Sabo, Samantha; Parthasarathy, Sairam In: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, vol. 12, pp. 3013-3023, 2024. @article{Ignacio2024,Objectives Communities of color might disproportionately experience long-term consequences of COVID-19, known as Long COVID. We sought to understand the awareness of and experiences with Long COVID among African American/Black (AA/B), Hispanic/Latino (H/L), and Indigenous (Native) adults (18 + years of age) in Arizona who previously tested positive for COVID-19. Methods Between December 2022 and April 2023, the Arizona Community Engagement Alliance (AZCEAL) conducted 12 focus groups and surveys with 65 AA/B, H/L and Native community members. Data from focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify emerging issues. Survey data provided demographic information about participants and quantitative assessments of Long COVID experiences were used to augment focus group data. Results Study participants across all three racial/ethnic groups had limited to no awareness of the term Long COVID, yet many described experiencing or witnessing friends and family endure physical symptoms consistent with Long COVID (e.g., brain fog, loss of memory, fatigue) as well as associated mental health issues (e.g., anxiety, worry, post-traumatic stress disorder). Participants identified a need for Long COVID mental health and other health resources, as well as increased access to Long COVID information. Conclusion To prevent Long COVID health inequities among AA/B, H/L, and Native adults living in AZ, health-related organizations and providers should increase access to culturally relevant, community-based Long COVID–specific information, mental health services, and other health resources aimed at serving these populations. |
Lininger, Monica; Cook, Natalie; Wayment, Heidi Social Norms and Concussion Disclosure Behavior: Clarification of Terms and Measurement Recommendations Journal Article In: Journal of Athletic Training, vol. 59, no. 8, pp. 809-813, 2024. @article{Lininger2024,Nondisclosed sport-related concussion symptoms pose a significant risk to athletes' health and well-being. Many researchers have focused on understanding the factors affecting athletes' concussion disclosure behaviors. One of the most robust predictors of the likelihood that an athlete will disclose concussion symptoms to their coaches, athletic trainers, parents, or peers is what researchers term social norms. The extant literature regarding social norms influencing concussion disclosure behaviors is inconsistent on how the construct should be defined, conceptualized, or measured, often failing to distinguish between descriptive and injunctive social norms and their sources (direct and indirect). In this technical note, we provide an overview of these critical distinctions, their importance in assessments, and examples from the literature in which scholars have correctly operationalized these constructs in athletic populations. We conclude with a brief set of suggestions for researchers seeking to measure social norms in future research. |
Beidler, Erica; Bowman, Thomas G.; Walton, Samuel R.; Lininger, Monica R.; Decker, Meredith N.; Wallace, Jessica; Vela, Luzita; Hibbler, Tamaria; Breedlove, Katherine Morigaki; Larson, Michael; Munce, Thayne; Pappadis, Monique R.; Sunchild, John; Ahonen, Sean; Didehbani, Nyaz; Cifu, David; Resch, Jacob; Kelshaw, Patricia M. More Than Skin Deep: Patient-Provider Racial and Ethnic Concordance and Discordance in Collegiate Athletics and Concussion Management Journal Article In: Journal of Athletic Training, vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 762-771, 2024. @article{Beidler2024,Context There is strong evidence that racial and ethnic disparities exist in multiple arenas of health and wellness. The causes of racial and ethnic differences in health care are multidimensional; one factor that may affect injury/illness communication, interactions, and outcomes is patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance. At present, it is unclear what role patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance and discordance plays in facilitating concussion care for collegiate athletes. Objective To investigate the presence of athlete–athletic trainer (AT) racial and ethnic concordance and discordance among diagnosed concussion cases and examine if racial and ethnic concordance and discordance influences time (in days) until diagnosis, symptom resolution, or return-to-sport clinical milestones in collegiate athletes. Design Retrospective cohort study. Setting Collegiate athletics. Patients or Other Participants A total of 694 concussion cases (38.6% [n = 268] sustained by women, 61.4% [n = 426] sustained by men) that occurred within the 2015–2016 through 2019–2020 sport seasons at 9 institutions. Main Outcome Measure(s) The number of days from the date of injury to diagnosis, symptom resolution, and return to sport and from the date of diagnosis to symptom resolution and return to sport. Results Overall, 68.4% (n = 475) of concussion cases had patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance, and 31.6% (n = 219) were discordant. All concordant pairs included a White athlete and White AT. Time to diagnosis differed between the concordant and discordant groups (median [interquartile range] = 1 [0–2] versus 0 [0–1], respectively) only in the model adjusted for sex, sport type, and availability of an AT (odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.07–1.85]). There were no other group differences. Conclusions One-third of concussion cases had athlete-AT racial and ethnic discordance. Although this group was diagnosed with a concussion 1 day sooner than the concordant group, no differences were observed for any concussion recovery milestones. These findings suggest that patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance may play a minor role in concussion recognition or reporting but not necessarily in the management and recovery thereafter. |
Thiele, Jeffrey; Williamson, Olivia; Ceavers, Olivia; Firemoon, Paula; Johnson, Olivia; Rink, Elizabeth; Anastario, Michael Caregiver-Youth Communication Patterns and Sexual and Reproductive Health Among American Indian Youth Journal Article In: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, vol. 26, pp. 1025-1038, 2024. @article{Thiele2024,Improving communication between American Indian caregivers and their youth has been suggested as an Indigenous-forward strategy to help alleviate the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities faced by American Indian youth as a result of the legacy of colonial violence against American Indian communities. Studies with non-American Indian and American Indian populations suggest that effective communication about SRH between parents and youth plays a role in reducing sexual risk behaviors among youth. There is limited research that examines youth sexual risk behaviors in relation to communication patterns separately assessed in caregivers and youth. The current study aimed to examine the association between caregiver-youth communication patterns and engagement in sex, age at sexual debut, and condom use among American Indian youth in the United States. The study draws on baseline caregiver and youth data collected from Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo, a stepped wedge design trial with American Indian youth living on the Fort Peck Reservation in Montana. 113 caregiver responses were matched to 145 youth for the current study. Caregiver-youth communication patterns were examined in relation to youth engagement in sex, age at sexual debut, and number of protected acts of vaginal and/or anal sex. Multivariable models were used to adjust for confounders and to examine relationships between caregiver-youth communication and youth sexual risk outcomes. An increase in overall level of self-reported youth communication with caregivers about sexual and reproductive health topics was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of youth ever having engaged in sex. A significant interaction effect between youth communication and convergence with caregiver response was observed for the number of protected acts of vaginal and/or anal sex, where caregiver communication (regardless of self-reported youth communication with caregivers) was associated with a greater number of protected sex acts. This study fills a gap in the extant literature by reporting on relationships between communication about SRH, assessed separately in caregivers and youth, and youth sexual risk behaviors. Findings emphasize the importance of involving American Indian caregivers in SRH interventions to improve SRH outcomes among American Indian youth, and inform future experimental research that will evaluate how changes in caregiver communication potentially impact youth SRH. |
Anastario, Michael; Suarez, Andrea; Williamson, Olivia; Firemoon, Paula; Roberts, Elizabeth F S; Barber, Jarrett Injection preparation filtration and health concerns among indigenous people who inject methamphetamine Journal Article In: Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 12, no. 1390210, 2024. @article{Anastario2024b,Introduction: Injecting methamphetamine poses significant health risks, but little is known about how methamphetamine injectors filter their injection preparations and experience related health concerns. Methods: A chain-referral sample of Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine (n = 30) was recruited and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect information on filtration practices and health concerns. Results: Filtration of the injection preparation was described by 53% of injectors. Elevated levels of concern for kidney disease, cancer and heart disease were observed among those who filtered their preparations (ranging from 50 to 56.3%). Concern about liver disease was the most frequent concern among those who filtered their preparations (62.5%) and was elevated in comparison to those who did not use filters (7.1%). Grouped logistic regression revealed a positive association between filtration of the injection preparation and overall health concerns expressed by injectors, after adjusting for gender and age. The marginal posterior distribution of the adjusted odds ratio for filtration of the injection preparation had a posterior median = 35.7, and 95% HPD interval = (5.1, 512.4). Discussion: Results illustrate a positive relationship between filtration of the injection preparation and health concerns among Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine. This likely reflects the use of filtration to reduce harms, and further research is needed to understand the full scope of prevention that may be associated with filtration of methamphetamine injection preparations. |
Laurila, Kelly A; Rogers, Laurie D; Valencia, Celina I; Lee, Naomi; de Heer, Hendrik; Bea, Jennifer W; Ingram, Jani C; Gachupin, Francine C In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 6, 2024. @article{Laurila2024,Although American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) students are the most underrepresented group in the U.S. in biomedical and health sciences relative to population size, little is known about long-term research education programs and outcome tracking. For over 20 years, the Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention (NACP) has been supported under the National Cancer Institute's (NCI)-funded Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) program. Programming included hands-on mentored research and an array of development opportunities. A validated tracking system combining participation records, institutional records, and enrollment/degree attainment from the National Student Clearinghouse documents outcomes. Collectively (2002-2022) NACP engaged 367 AIAN trainees, of whom 237 individuals earned 220 bachelors, 87 masters, and 34 doctoral/professional degrees. Approximately 45% of AIAN doctoral recipients are currently engaged in academic or clinical work, and 10% in industry or tribal leadership. A total of 238 AIAN students participated in mentored research, with 85% demonstrating strong outcomes; 51% attained a degree, and 34% are currently enrolled. Implementation of a robust tracking system documented acceleration in degree attainment over time. Next steps will evaluate the most impactful training activities on student outcomes. |
Bautista, Tara; Ware, Orrin D; Burgos, Miracle Macias; Rivas, Veronica D; Cruz-Carrillo, Yesenia; Davidson, Alec; Mezhenska, Mariia; Sanchez, Mariana; Amaro, Hortensia In: Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, no. 1359174, 2024. @article{Bautista2024,Satisfaction with an intervention influences the uptake of behavior changes and the long-term efficacy of the intervention. Therefore, it is crucial to assess satisfaction by participant profile when creating and adapting behavior interventions for minoritized populations. Qualitative and quantitative data on participant trauma symptom severity and intervention satisfaction were collected through self-report surveys from 54 women. The sample was 59.3% Hispanic, with an average age of 33.21 (SD = 10.42), who were in residential treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) and participated in a 12-session mindfulness-based intervention. Qualitative responses were coded using thematic analysis, and an integrative mixed-methods approach was used to compare qualitative theme frequency between high-trauma (N = 28) and low-trauma (N = 26) groups at session 2 and session 11. High- and low-trauma groups were determined by interquartile ranges (bottom 25% = low; top 75% = high). In session 2, the low-trauma group reported significantly higher satisfaction (M = 4.20, SD = 0.55) than the high-trauma group (M = 3.77, SD = 0.89); t(43) = 1.90, p = 0.03. In session 11, there was no significant difference between groups. The mixed-methods analysis revealed that "trouble focusing" appeared more frequently in the high-trauma group than in the low-trauma group during session 2, but the theme was not present in either group at session 11, suggesting that this might pose an initial barrier for individuals with high trauma but subsides as the intervention progresses. This speaks to the importance of retention strategies tailored for participants with SUDs and high trauma while they adjust to the intervention. Assessing initial challenges with satisfaction may help facilitators intervene to increase participant satisfaction. |
Sabo, Samantha; Jiménez, Dulce J; Longorio, Alexandra E. Samarron; Gomez, Omar; Liebert, Melissa; Cuautle, Miriam Adriana; Shuman, Sara; de Zapien, Jill Guernsey; Milczarek-Desai, Shefali Aquí Entre Nos (Just Between Us): Engagement of Hotel Housekeepers During Sociopolitical and Environmental Change Journal Article In: Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 213-223, 2024. @article{Sabo2024,Background: Aquí Entre Nos (Between Us) is a community-based participatory research project to engage rural, ethnoracially diverse hotel housekeepers in a right to work state during a time of national anti-immigrant policy, wildfires and emergence of a global pandemic. Objectives: We aimed to (1) build trust and social support with the hotel housekeeping community, (2) learn about the occupational health, safety, and workers’ rights challenges, strategies, and solutions held by workers, and (3) develop a workforce-driven research and action agenda to improve labor and health conditions. Methods: Participatory mixed methods rooted in popular education are described to form an advisory board and engage the workforce. Lessons Learned: Trusted relationships built through community organizing around immigration, housing, and minimum wage were critical to engage and drive a worker centered research agenda. Conclusions: Despite challenges, housekeeper advisors defined a research agenda that addressed immediate-and long-term needs of the workforce. |
Mernitz, Sara; Hsu, Jaime; Pollitt, Amanda Timing of a First Romantic Union Among Sexual Minority Young Adults Journal Article In: Demography, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 879-899, 2024. @article{Mernitz2024,Cohabitation and marriage are critical milestones during the transition to adulthood; however, there is limited research on the timing of young adults’ first same-sex unions. There is some evidence that same-sex unions may be delayed, particularly for men. Further, formation of both same- and different-sex dating relationships, common among sexual minority young adults, may also extend to cohabitation and marriage. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to predict the timing of a first romantic union, defined as a cohabitation or marriage, among sexual minority young adults. We then distinguished between women and men and the timing of a different-sex versus a same-sex union. Compared with heterosexual young adults, lesbian and gay young adults entered a union at later ages (driven by men), whereas bisexual young adults entered a union at younger ages (driven by women). Lesbian and gay young adults who entered a first union with a same-sex partner did so at later ages than those who entered a first union with a different-sex partner. Results suggest that patterns of sexual minority dating relationship formation might extend to unions. |
2026
Jiménez, Dulce J.; Olin, Alexandra; Milczarek-Desai, Shefali; Anastario, Michael; Longorio, Alexandra E. Samarron; Encinas, Dolores; Wilcox, Patricia; Redondo-Martinez, Floribella; de Zapien, Jill Guernsey; Sabo, Samantha
Hearts in Action: supporting precarious workers in Arizona, a community-based participatory research approach Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 14 - 2026, no. 1736253, 2026.
@article{Jiménez2026,
title = {Hearts in Action: supporting precarious workers in Arizona, a community-based participatory research approach},
author = {Dulce J. Jiménez and Alexandra Olin and Shefali Milczarek-Desai and Michael Anastario and Alexandra E. Samarron Longorio and Dolores Encinas and Patricia Wilcox and Floribella Redondo-Martinez and Jill Guernsey de Zapien and Samantha Sabo},
editor = {Lisa K. Anderson-Shaw},
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2026.1736253},
year = {2026},
date = {2026-02-25},
journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
volume = {14 - 2026},
number = {1736253},
abstract = {Introduction: Precarious low-wage work, marked by instability, limited protections, and high occupational risk, disproportionately affects Latine immigrant workers, contributing to chronic stress, poor health, and cardiovascular risk. In Arizona, sectors such as agriculture, hospitality, and domestic services expose workers to compounded work- and non-work-related stressors, amplified by right-to-work laws and anti-immigrant policies.Methods: Hearts in Action, developed through the community-based participatory research (CBPR) initiative Aquí Entre Nos, is a community-driven intervention designed to address work as a social determinant of health and empower workers to advocate for healthy workplaces. Six bilingual and bicultural community health workers (CHWs) co-led four group-based sessions with 50 Latine precarious workers, integrating a workers’ rights advocacy toolkit with an adapted evidence-based cardiovascular health program.Results: CHWs guided recruitment, retention, facilitation, and participatory data collection, ensuring cultural relevance and creating safe spaces for candid discussion. Strategic partnerships with community and academic partners and legal experts further strengthened intervention design and delivery. Pre-post surveys and semi-structured group reflections assessed changes in health outcomes, occupational self-efficacy, and perceptions about workplace wellbeing and advocacy for change in the labor conditions.Discussion: Findings underscore CHWs’ critical role in fostering trust, amplifying community voices, and supporting participant empowerment. Hearts in Action offers evidence of feasibility for a CHW-led and worker-centered approach to improve workplace conditions and worker health, offering a model for integrating community perspectives, legal expertise, and public health strategies to promote wellbeing, advocacy, and structural change in the context of precarious labor.},
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pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Introduction: Precarious low-wage work, marked by instability, limited protections, and high occupational risk, disproportionately affects Latine immigrant workers, contributing to chronic stress, poor health, and cardiovascular risk. In Arizona, sectors such as agriculture, hospitality, and domestic services expose workers to compounded work- and non-work-related stressors, amplified by right-to-work laws and anti-immigrant policies.Methods: Hearts in Action, developed through the community-based participatory research (CBPR) initiative Aquí Entre Nos, is a community-driven intervention designed to address work as a social determinant of health and empower workers to advocate for healthy workplaces. Six bilingual and bicultural community health workers (CHWs) co-led four group-based sessions with 50 Latine precarious workers, integrating a workers’ rights advocacy toolkit with an adapted evidence-based cardiovascular health program.Results: CHWs guided recruitment, retention, facilitation, and participatory data collection, ensuring cultural relevance and creating safe spaces for candid discussion. Strategic partnerships with community and academic partners and legal experts further strengthened intervention design and delivery. Pre-post surveys and semi-structured group reflections assessed changes in health outcomes, occupational self-efficacy, and perceptions about workplace wellbeing and advocacy for change in the labor conditions.Discussion: Findings underscore CHWs’ critical role in fostering trust, amplifying community voices, and supporting participant empowerment. Hearts in Action offers evidence of feasibility for a CHW-led and worker-centered approach to improve workplace conditions and worker health, offering a model for integrating community perspectives, legal expertise, and public health strategies to promote wellbeing, advocacy, and structural change in the context of precarious labor.
2024
Witzel, Dakota D; Cerino, Eric S; Turner, Shelbie G; Stawski, Robert S; Mejia, Shannon T; Hooker, Karen
'With or without you': associations between noteworthy events and cognitive complaints across 100 days Journal Article
In: Aging and Mental Health, vol. 28, no. 12, pp. 1667-1675, 2024.
@article{Witzel2024,
title = {'With or without you': associations between noteworthy events and cognitive complaints across 100 days},
author = {Dakota D Witzel and Eric S Cerino and Shelbie G Turner and Robert S Stawski and Shannon T Mejia and Karen Hooker},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/13607863.2024.2361723},
doi = {10.1080/13607863.2024.2361723},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-01},
journal = {Aging and Mental Health},
volume = {28},
number = {12},
pages = {1667-1675},
abstract = {Objectives: Daily noteworthy events have implications for physical and mental health, but less is known about the role daily events have for self-reported cognition and whether the involvement of close social partners differentiates these associations. The current study examined how daily positive and negative noteworthy events relate to subjective memory and attentional difficulties and whether close social partners moderated associations.
Method: We used data from a 100-day microlongitudinal web-based study of 104 older adults (Nobservations=7,051; Mage=63.13 years, SDage=7.81, 88.46% Female). Participants reported on exposure to and valence of noteworthy events, involvement of close social partners, and subjective cognitive complaints at the end of each day.
Results: Logistic multilevel models revealed that days with a negative event were associated with increased odds of forgetting something and trouble concentrating whereas days with positive events were associated with decreased odds of trouble concentrating. Close social partner involvement did not moderate within-person associations.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that day-to-day events are correlates of cognitive complaints regardless of close social partner involvement in the events. Research should clarify the role of daily positive and negative events in personalized interventions and determine whether this person-centered approach to self-reported cognitive health helps inform diagnostic practices.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objectives: Daily noteworthy events have implications for physical and mental health, but less is known about the role daily events have for self-reported cognition and whether the involvement of close social partners differentiates these associations. The current study examined how daily positive and negative noteworthy events relate to subjective memory and attentional difficulties and whether close social partners moderated associations.
Method: We used data from a 100-day microlongitudinal web-based study of 104 older adults (Nobservations=7,051; Mage=63.13 years, SDage=7.81, 88.46% Female). Participants reported on exposure to and valence of noteworthy events, involvement of close social partners, and subjective cognitive complaints at the end of each day.
Results: Logistic multilevel models revealed that days with a negative event were associated with increased odds of forgetting something and trouble concentrating whereas days with positive events were associated with decreased odds of trouble concentrating. Close social partner involvement did not moderate within-person associations.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that day-to-day events are correlates of cognitive complaints regardless of close social partner involvement in the events. Research should clarify the role of daily positive and negative events in personalized interventions and determine whether this person-centered approach to self-reported cognitive health helps inform diagnostic practices.
Method: We used data from a 100-day microlongitudinal web-based study of 104 older adults (Nobservations=7,051; Mage=63.13 years, SDage=7.81, 88.46% Female). Participants reported on exposure to and valence of noteworthy events, involvement of close social partners, and subjective cognitive complaints at the end of each day.
Results: Logistic multilevel models revealed that days with a negative event were associated with increased odds of forgetting something and trouble concentrating whereas days with positive events were associated with decreased odds of trouble concentrating. Close social partner involvement did not moderate within-person associations.
Conclusion: Our results suggest that day-to-day events are correlates of cognitive complaints regardless of close social partner involvement in the events. Research should clarify the role of daily positive and negative events in personalized interventions and determine whether this person-centered approach to self-reported cognitive health helps inform diagnostic practices.
Lee, Michele S.; Day, Arden D.; Bassford, Tamsen L.; Lininger, MOnica; Armin, Julie; Williamson, Heather
In: Journal of Cancer Education, vol. 39, no. 6, pp. 706-712, 2024.
@article{Lee2024,
title = {Primary Care Providers' Experiences Recommending and Performing Cervical Cancer Screening for Women with Intellectual Disabilities: A Qualitative Study},
author = {Michele S. Lee and Arden D. Day and Tamsen L. Bassford and MOnica Lininger and Julie Armin and Heather Williamson},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38807001/},
doi = {10.1007/s13187-024-02454-5},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-12-01},
journal = {Journal of Cancer Education},
volume = {39},
number = {6},
pages = {706-712},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Anastario, Michael
Embodying Biodiversity: Sensory Conservation as Refuge and Sovereignty Book
University of Arizona Press, 2024, ISBN: 9780816553990.
@book{Anastario2024c,
title = {Embodying Biodiversity: Sensory Conservation as Refuge and Sovereignty},
author = {Michael Anastario},
editor = {Terese V. Gagnon},
url = {https://uapress.arizona.edu/book/embodying-biodiversity},
isbn = {9780816553990},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-11-01},
publisher = {University of Arizona Press},
abstract = {Harnessing a myriad of methodologies and research spanning multiple continents, this volume delves into the power of everyday forms of biodiversity conservation, motivated by sensory and embodied engagement with plants. Through an array of interdisciplinary contributions, the authors argue that the vast majority of biodiversity conservation worldwide is carried out not by large-scale, hierarchical initiatives but by ordinary people who cultivate sensory-motivated, place-based bonds with plants.
Acknowledging the monumental role of everyday champions in tending biodiversity, the contributors write that this caretaking is crucial to countering ecological harm and global injustice stemming from colonial violence and racial capitalism.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
Harnessing a myriad of methodologies and research spanning multiple continents, this volume delves into the power of everyday forms of biodiversity conservation, motivated by sensory and embodied engagement with plants. Through an array of interdisciplinary contributions, the authors argue that the vast majority of biodiversity conservation worldwide is carried out not by large-scale, hierarchical initiatives but by ordinary people who cultivate sensory-motivated, place-based bonds with plants.
Acknowledging the monumental role of everyday champions in tending biodiversity, the contributors write that this caretaking is crucial to countering ecological harm and global injustice stemming from colonial violence and racial capitalism.
Acknowledging the monumental role of everyday champions in tending biodiversity, the contributors write that this caretaking is crucial to countering ecological harm and global injustice stemming from colonial violence and racial capitalism.
Lindly, Olivia; Wahl, Taylor; Stotts, Noa; Kirby, Brianna; Asantewaa, Sarah; Shui, Amy
Health literacy and COVID-19 pandemic impacts among adults in rural northern Arizona Journal Article
In: Rural Remote Health, 2024.
@article{Lindly2024b,
title = {Health literacy and COVID-19 pandemic impacts among adults in rural northern Arizona},
author = {Olivia Lindly and Taylor Wahl and Noa Stotts and Brianna Kirby and Sarah Asantewaa and Amy Shui},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39477211/},
doi = {10.22605/RRH9147},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-30},
journal = {Rural Remote Health},
abstract = {Introduction: Limited health literacy - the ability to access, process, and use health information and services - contributes to persistent health inequities. Yet little is known about associations of limited health literacy with impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for US adults in rural areas. This study sought to determine associations of limited health literacy with impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse sample of adults in rural Northern Arizona.
Methods: A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted with 119 adults from June 2020 to August 2021. Participants were recruited from two federally qualified health centers and by word of mouth. The Newest Vital Sign was used to measure health literacy, and the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory was used to measure the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on various aspects of personal and family life (eg spent more time on screens and devices, had family celebrations canceled or restricted). Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable linear regression statistics were computed.
Results: Nineteen percent of participants had limited health literacy, and participants had an average of 22 individual impacts and 2 household impacts of the 92 COVID-19 impacts assessed. Multivariable regression model results showed that being male versus female or having public only versus any private insurance was significantly associated with fewer individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Being black, Indigenous, people of color versus White or being Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish versus not were each associated with significantly more individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Limited versus adequate health literacy was significantly associated with more household COVID-19 impacts on average. Sensitivity analysis results further showed that limited versus adequate health literacy was associated with significantly higher adjusted rates of household social, emotional, and infection COVID-19 impacts.
Conclusion: This study's findings highlight the importance of assessing and accounting for health literacy in clinical practice and health services research addressing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and future emergency events.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Introduction: Limited health literacy - the ability to access, process, and use health information and services - contributes to persistent health inequities. Yet little is known about associations of limited health literacy with impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic, particularly for US adults in rural areas. This study sought to determine associations of limited health literacy with impacts from the COVID-19 pandemic among a diverse sample of adults in rural Northern Arizona.
Methods: A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted with 119 adults from June 2020 to August 2021. Participants were recruited from two federally qualified health centers and by word of mouth. The Newest Vital Sign was used to measure health literacy, and the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory was used to measure the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on various aspects of personal and family life (eg spent more time on screens and devices, had family celebrations canceled or restricted). Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable linear regression statistics were computed.
Results: Nineteen percent of participants had limited health literacy, and participants had an average of 22 individual impacts and 2 household impacts of the 92 COVID-19 impacts assessed. Multivariable regression model results showed that being male versus female or having public only versus any private insurance was significantly associated with fewer individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Being black, Indigenous, people of color versus White or being Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish versus not were each associated with significantly more individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Limited versus adequate health literacy was significantly associated with more household COVID-19 impacts on average. Sensitivity analysis results further showed that limited versus adequate health literacy was associated with significantly higher adjusted rates of household social, emotional, and infection COVID-19 impacts.
Conclusion: This study's findings highlight the importance of assessing and accounting for health literacy in clinical practice and health services research addressing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and future emergency events.
Methods: A cross-sectional, interviewer-administered survey was conducted with 119 adults from June 2020 to August 2021. Participants were recruited from two federally qualified health centers and by word of mouth. The Newest Vital Sign was used to measure health literacy, and the Epidemic-Pandemic Impacts Inventory was used to measure the effects of the COVID-19 pandemic on various aspects of personal and family life (eg spent more time on screens and devices, had family celebrations canceled or restricted). Descriptive, bivariate, and multivariable linear regression statistics were computed.
Results: Nineteen percent of participants had limited health literacy, and participants had an average of 22 individual impacts and 2 household impacts of the 92 COVID-19 impacts assessed. Multivariable regression model results showed that being male versus female or having public only versus any private insurance was significantly associated with fewer individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Being black, Indigenous, people of color versus White or being Hispanic, Latino, or Spanish versus not were each associated with significantly more individual COVID-19 impacts on average. Limited versus adequate health literacy was significantly associated with more household COVID-19 impacts on average. Sensitivity analysis results further showed that limited versus adequate health literacy was associated with significantly higher adjusted rates of household social, emotional, and infection COVID-19 impacts.
Conclusion: This study's findings highlight the importance of assessing and accounting for health literacy in clinical practice and health services research addressing the impacts of the COVID-19 pandemic and future emergency events.
Begay, Chassity; Kahn, Carmella; Johnson, Tressica; Dickerson, Christopher; Tutt, Marissa; Begay, Amber-rose; Bauer, Mark; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette
Developing a Public Health Course to Train Undergraduate Student Health Messengers to Address Vaccine Hesitancy in an American Indian Community Journal Article
In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 10, 2024.
@article{Begay2024,
title = {Developing a Public Health Course to Train Undergraduate Student Health Messengers to Address Vaccine Hesitancy in an American Indian Community},
author = {Chassity Begay and Carmella Kahn and Tressica Johnson and Christopher Dickerson and Marissa Tutt and Amber-rose Begay and Mark Bauer and Nicolette Teufel-Shone},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39457292/},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph21101320},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-04},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
volume = {21},
number = {10},
abstract = {The purpose of the Diné Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) project was to develop strategies for health communication that addressed COVID-19 vaccine safety for residents of the Navajo Nation. The RAVE project developed a 16-week course using the Diné Educational Philosophy as a framework to train Diné College (DC) public health undergraduate students (n = 16) as health messengers to share COVID-19 vaccine safety information with unvaccinated peers and relatives. An online community survey (n = 50) was used to assess DC community vaccination perceptions to guide course development. The two primary reasons survey participants got vaccinated were to protect the health of others [82% (n = 41)] and to protect their own health [76% (n = 38)]. A pretest/post-test and a retrospective pretest (n = 13) were implemented to determine course effectiveness. A finding approaching significance was related to student confidence in being health messengers (9.1% increase). RAVE offers the first example in the published literature of successfully training American Indian undergraduate students in the context of a public health course to contribute to the response workforce during a public health crisis.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The purpose of the Diné Teachings and Public Health Students Informing Peers and Relatives about Vaccine Education (RAVE) project was to develop strategies for health communication that addressed COVID-19 vaccine safety for residents of the Navajo Nation. The RAVE project developed a 16-week course using the Diné Educational Philosophy as a framework to train Diné College (DC) public health undergraduate students (n = 16) as health messengers to share COVID-19 vaccine safety information with unvaccinated peers and relatives. An online community survey (n = 50) was used to assess DC community vaccination perceptions to guide course development. The two primary reasons survey participants got vaccinated were to protect the health of others [82% (n = 41)] and to protect their own health [76% (n = 38)]. A pretest/post-test and a retrospective pretest (n = 13) were implemented to determine course effectiveness. A finding approaching significance was related to student confidence in being health messengers (9.1% increase). RAVE offers the first example in the published literature of successfully training American Indian undergraduate students in the context of a public health course to contribute to the response workforce during a public health crisis.
Barger, Steven D; Kirby, Christine; Thomas, Heather; Camplain, Carolyn; Young, Sara; Morrison, Gerlinda; Hyeoma, Stephanie; Bordeaux, Skyler J; Horowitz, Chloe; Baldwin, Julie A
Pre-Pandemic and Recent Oral and Medical Health Care Utilization among Young American Indian Children and Their Caregivers Journal Article
In: Journal of Community Health, vol. 49, no. 5, pp. 914-925, 2024.
@article{Barger2024,
title = {Pre-Pandemic and Recent Oral and Medical Health Care Utilization among Young American Indian Children and Their Caregivers},
author = {Steven D Barger and Christine Kirby and Heather Thomas and Carolyn Camplain and Sara Young and Gerlinda Morrison and Stephanie Hyeoma and Skyler J Bordeaux and Chloe Horowitz and Julie A Baldwin
},
url = {https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11345317/},
doi = {10.1007/s10900-024-01345-6},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-10-01},
journal = {Journal of Community Health},
volume = {49},
number = {5},
pages = {914-925},
abstract = {Children from diverse ethnic groups are at significantly increased risk for dental caries. In particular, American Indian (AI) children have the highest incidence of detal caries of any ethnic group. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically restricted health care access, including preventive oral health care. Given this context, it is unclear whether or not preventive oral health care for AI children has resumed since lockdown. To address this question, we surveyed adult AI caregivers (N = 152) of children aged 0-5 years, assessing recent (12-month) and pre-COVID (for caregivers of children aged 3-5 years) preventive oral and medical health services. We also examined medical health care access and utilization among caregivers. Among children aged 3-5 years old, both pre-pandemic and past year medical care utilization were generally high (80 and 90%, respectively) as was any oral health care utilization (64 & 78%, respectively). Oral health check-ups were more common over the last year (62%) compared to pre-COVID (44%). Recent health care utilization among children 1-5 years old in this sample were generally comparable to national estimates, except for higher reported preventive medical care (99% vs. 87.6%, respectively) and higher preventive oral care (96% vs. 59.6%, respectively). More caregivers reported delaying or foregoing needed health care due to COVID (28-38%) versus due to cost (8-17%). In this survey of AI caregivers, recent child preventive health care utilization was high, and changes in utilization following the lockdown phases of the pandemic were comparable for oral and medical health care.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Children from diverse ethnic groups are at significantly increased risk for dental caries. In particular, American Indian (AI) children have the highest incidence of detal caries of any ethnic group. The COVID-19 pandemic dramatically restricted health care access, including preventive oral health care. Given this context, it is unclear whether or not preventive oral health care for AI children has resumed since lockdown. To address this question, we surveyed adult AI caregivers (N = 152) of children aged 0-5 years, assessing recent (12-month) and pre-COVID (for caregivers of children aged 3-5 years) preventive oral and medical health services. We also examined medical health care access and utilization among caregivers. Among children aged 3-5 years old, both pre-pandemic and past year medical care utilization were generally high (80 and 90%, respectively) as was any oral health care utilization (64 & 78%, respectively). Oral health check-ups were more common over the last year (62%) compared to pre-COVID (44%). Recent health care utilization among children 1-5 years old in this sample were generally comparable to national estimates, except for higher reported preventive medical care (99% vs. 87.6%, respectively) and higher preventive oral care (96% vs. 59.6%, respectively). More caregivers reported delaying or foregoing needed health care due to COVID (28-38%) versus due to cost (8-17%). In this survey of AI caregivers, recent child preventive health care utilization was high, and changes in utilization following the lockdown phases of the pandemic were comparable for oral and medical health care.
Lininger, Monica R.; Root, Hayley J.
Psychometric Properties of the PLAYself in a Cohort of Secondary School Student-Athletes Journal Article
In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 1294, 2024.
@article{Lininger2024b,
title = {Psychometric Properties of the PLAYself in a Cohort of Secondary School Student-Athletes},
author = {Monica R. Lininger and Hayley J. Root},
editor = {Adilson Marques},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ ijerph21101294},
doi = {10.3390/ ijerph21101294},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-28},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
volume = {21},
number = {1294},
abstract = {Background: Physical literacy is the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding, enabling individuals to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life. While tools exist to measure physical literacy in most populations, the psychometric properties of the Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAY) tool in an older adolescent age group are currently unknown. The purpose of this work was to determine the psychometric properties of the PLAY tool, specifically the PLAYself, in an older adolescent age group (~14–18 years). Methods: One hundred and fifty-one secondary school in-season student-athletes completed the PLAYself, with construct validity assessed using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Results: Results from the EFA yielded a 7-factor model across the three subsections (environment, physical literacy self-description, relative rankings of literacies) of the PLAYself, all with acceptable levels of internal consistency. Conclusions: The PLAYself produced acceptable estimates for construct validity and reliability, making it a useful tool for measuring physical literacy in secondary school student-athletes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Physical literacy is the motivation, confidence, physical competence, knowledge, and understanding, enabling individuals to value and take responsibility for engagement in physical activities for life. While tools exist to measure physical literacy in most populations, the psychometric properties of the Physical Literacy Assessment for Youth (PLAY) tool in an older adolescent age group are currently unknown. The purpose of this work was to determine the psychometric properties of the PLAY tool, specifically the PLAYself, in an older adolescent age group (~14–18 years). Methods: One hundred and fifty-one secondary school in-season student-athletes completed the PLAYself, with construct validity assessed using an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA). Results: Results from the EFA yielded a 7-factor model across the three subsections (environment, physical literacy self-description, relative rankings of literacies) of the PLAYself, all with acceptable levels of internal consistency. Conclusions: The PLAYself produced acceptable estimates for construct validity and reliability, making it a useful tool for measuring physical literacy in secondary school student-athletes.
Pearson, Talima; Kramer, Sarah; Yagüe, David Panisello; Nangkuu, Emmanuel; Medina-Rodriguez, Sarah; Wood, Colin; Hepp, Crystal; Camplain, Ricky; Mihaljevic, Joseph; Milner, Trudie
Staphylococcus aureus infection disparities among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in Yuma, Arizona Journal Article
In: Antimicrobial Steward Healthcare Epidemiology, vol. 4, no. 1, 2024.
@article{Pearson2024,
title = {Staphylococcus aureus infection disparities among Hispanics and non-Hispanics in Yuma, Arizona},
author = {Talima Pearson and Sarah Kramer and David Panisello Yagüe and Emmanuel Nangkuu and Sarah Medina-Rodriguez and Colin Wood and Crystal Hepp and Ricky Camplain and Joseph Mihaljevic and Trudie Milner},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/39346659/},
doi = {10.1017/ash.2024.390},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-18},
journal = {Antimicrobial Steward Healthcare Epidemiology},
volume = {4},
number = {1},
abstract = {Staphylococcus aureus infection patterns in Yuma, Arizona show a 2.25x higher infection rate in non-Hispanics. Males had higher infection rates in most age classes. These disparities in infection are mostly consistent with previously observed patterns in colonization, suggesting that sex and ethnicity do not differentially impact colonization and infection.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Staphylococcus aureus infection patterns in Yuma, Arizona show a 2.25x higher infection rate in non-Hispanics. Males had higher infection rates in most age classes. These disparities in infection are mostly consistent with previously observed patterns in colonization, suggesting that sex and ethnicity do not differentially impact colonization and infection.
Isaki, Emi; Lininger, Monica; Cross, Evelyn
Academic Skills Used by College Students Without Brain Injury: A Validation Study Journal Article
In: American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology, vol. 33, no. 5, pp. 2524-2535, 2024.
@article{Isaki2024,
title = {Academic Skills Used by College Students Without Brain Injury: A Validation Study},
author = {Emi Isaki and Monica Lininger and Evelyn Cross},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00083},
doi = {10.1044/2024_AJSLP-24-00083},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-09-18},
journal = {American Journal of Speech-Language Pathology},
volume = {33},
number = {5},
pages = {2524-2535},
abstract = {Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a brief, ecologically valid measure of academic-related skills used by students in both in-person and online higher education.
Method:
Twelve undergraduate (n = 7) and graduate (n = 5) college students without brain injury participated in a pilot study followed by focus group semistructured interviews. Next, preliminary normative data were collected from a larger sample of undergraduate (n = 152) and graduate (n = 73) students without brain injury, ages 18–35 years. Participants were asked to rate the cognitive, communicative, and academic skills they used for in-person and online instruction. The students completed a 27-item scale (Likert, 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree).
Results:
Following an exploratory factor analysis, seven distinct factors were retained creating the final instrument in the population without brain injury. These included sustained attention, metacognition, working memory, problem solving, reading comprehension, selective attention, and processing speed.
Conclusions:
Responses from college students without brain injury helped to validate items on the College Readiness After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury scale. Undergraduate and graduate students identified the skills they used in both online and in-person academic learning environments. Future plans include the recruitment of students with mild traumatic brain injury returning to higher education to investigate the sensitivity of the scale.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Purpose:
The purpose of this study was to develop a brief, ecologically valid measure of academic-related skills used by students in both in-person and online higher education.
Method:
Twelve undergraduate (n = 7) and graduate (n = 5) college students without brain injury participated in a pilot study followed by focus group semistructured interviews. Next, preliminary normative data were collected from a larger sample of undergraduate (n = 152) and graduate (n = 73) students without brain injury, ages 18–35 years. Participants were asked to rate the cognitive, communicative, and academic skills they used for in-person and online instruction. The students completed a 27-item scale (Likert, 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree).
Results:
Following an exploratory factor analysis, seven distinct factors were retained creating the final instrument in the population without brain injury. These included sustained attention, metacognition, working memory, problem solving, reading comprehension, selective attention, and processing speed.
Conclusions:
Responses from college students without brain injury helped to validate items on the College Readiness After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury scale. Undergraduate and graduate students identified the skills they used in both online and in-person academic learning environments. Future plans include the recruitment of students with mild traumatic brain injury returning to higher education to investigate the sensitivity of the scale.
The purpose of this study was to develop a brief, ecologically valid measure of academic-related skills used by students in both in-person and online higher education.
Method:
Twelve undergraduate (n = 7) and graduate (n = 5) college students without brain injury participated in a pilot study followed by focus group semistructured interviews. Next, preliminary normative data were collected from a larger sample of undergraduate (n = 152) and graduate (n = 73) students without brain injury, ages 18–35 years. Participants were asked to rate the cognitive, communicative, and academic skills they used for in-person and online instruction. The students completed a 27-item scale (Likert, 1 = strongly disagree to 6 = strongly agree).
Results:
Following an exploratory factor analysis, seven distinct factors were retained creating the final instrument in the population without brain injury. These included sustained attention, metacognition, working memory, problem solving, reading comprehension, selective attention, and processing speed.
Conclusions:
Responses from college students without brain injury helped to validate items on the College Readiness After Mild Traumatic Brain Injury scale. Undergraduate and graduate students identified the skills they used in both online and in-person academic learning environments. Future plans include the recruitment of students with mild traumatic brain injury returning to higher education to investigate the sensitivity of the scale.
Piña, Alejandra; Elko, Evan A.; Caballero, Rachel; Metrailer, Morgan; Mulrow, Mary; Quan, Dan; Nordstrom, Lora; Altin, John A.; Ladner, Jason T.
Mapping disparities in viral infection rates using highly multiplexed serology Journal Article
In: mSphere. Immunology, vol. 9, 2024.
@article{Piña2024,
title = {Mapping disparities in viral infection rates using highly multiplexed serology},
author = {Alejandra Piña and Evan A. Elko and Rachel Caballero and Morgan Metrailer and Mary Mulrow and Dan Quan and Lora Nordstrom and John A. Altin and Jason T. Ladner},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1128/msphere.00127-24},
doi = {10.1128/msphere.00127-24},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-20},
journal = {mSphere. Immunology},
volume = {9},
abstract = {Despite advancements in medical interventions, the disease burden caused by viral pathogens remains large and highly diverse. This burden includes the wide range of signs and symptoms associated with active viral replication as well as a variety of clinical sequelae of infection. Moreover, there is growing evidence supporting the existence of sex- and ethnicity-based health disparities linked to viral infections and their associated diseases. Despite several well-documented disparities in viral infection rates, our current understanding of virus-associated health disparities remains incomplete. This knowledge gap can be attributed, in part, to limitations of the most commonly used viral detection methodologies, which lack the breadth needed to characterize exposures across the entire virome. Additionally, virus-related health disparities are dynamic and often differ considerably through space and time. In this study, we utilize PepSeq, an approach for highly multiplexed serology, to broadly assess an individual’s history of viral exposures, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for detecting infection disparities through a pilot study of 400 adults aged 30–60 in Phoenix, AZ. Using a human virome PepSeq library, we observed expected seroprevalence rates for several common viruses and detected both expected and previously undocumented differences in inferred rates of infection between our male/female and Hispanic/non-Hispanic White individuals.
IMPORTANCE
Our understanding of population-level virus infection rates and associated health disparities is incomplete. In part, this is because of the high diversity of human-infecting viruses and the limited breadth and sensitivity of traditional approaches for detecting infection events. Here, we demonstrate the potential for modern, highly multiplexed antibody detection methods to greatly increase our understanding of disparities in rates of infection across subpopulations (e.g., different sexes or ethnic groups). The use of antibodies as biomarkers allows us to detect evidence of past infections over an extended period, and our approach for highly multiplexed serology (PepSeq) allows us to measure antibody responses against hundreds of viruses in an efficient and cost-effective manner.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Despite advancements in medical interventions, the disease burden caused by viral pathogens remains large and highly diverse. This burden includes the wide range of signs and symptoms associated with active viral replication as well as a variety of clinical sequelae of infection. Moreover, there is growing evidence supporting the existence of sex- and ethnicity-based health disparities linked to viral infections and their associated diseases. Despite several well-documented disparities in viral infection rates, our current understanding of virus-associated health disparities remains incomplete. This knowledge gap can be attributed, in part, to limitations of the most commonly used viral detection methodologies, which lack the breadth needed to characterize exposures across the entire virome. Additionally, virus-related health disparities are dynamic and often differ considerably through space and time. In this study, we utilize PepSeq, an approach for highly multiplexed serology, to broadly assess an individual’s history of viral exposures, and we demonstrate the effectiveness of this approach for detecting infection disparities through a pilot study of 400 adults aged 30–60 in Phoenix, AZ. Using a human virome PepSeq library, we observed expected seroprevalence rates for several common viruses and detected both expected and previously undocumented differences in inferred rates of infection between our male/female and Hispanic/non-Hispanic White individuals.
IMPORTANCE
Our understanding of population-level virus infection rates and associated health disparities is incomplete. In part, this is because of the high diversity of human-infecting viruses and the limited breadth and sensitivity of traditional approaches for detecting infection events. Here, we demonstrate the potential for modern, highly multiplexed antibody detection methods to greatly increase our understanding of disparities in rates of infection across subpopulations (e.g., different sexes or ethnic groups). The use of antibodies as biomarkers allows us to detect evidence of past infections over an extended period, and our approach for highly multiplexed serology (PepSeq) allows us to measure antibody responses against hundreds of viruses in an efficient and cost-effective manner.
IMPORTANCE
Our understanding of population-level virus infection rates and associated health disparities is incomplete. In part, this is because of the high diversity of human-infecting viruses and the limited breadth and sensitivity of traditional approaches for detecting infection events. Here, we demonstrate the potential for modern, highly multiplexed antibody detection methods to greatly increase our understanding of disparities in rates of infection across subpopulations (e.g., different sexes or ethnic groups). The use of antibodies as biomarkers allows us to detect evidence of past infections over an extended period, and our approach for highly multiplexed serology (PepSeq) allows us to measure antibody responses against hundreds of viruses in an efficient and cost-effective manner.
Ignacio, Matt; Oesterle, Sabrina; Rodriguez-González, Natalia; Lopez, Gilberto; Ayers, Stephanie; Ann Carver,; Wolfersteig, Wendy; Williams, James Herbert; Sabo, Samantha; Parthasarathy, Sairam
In: Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities, vol. 12, pp. 3013-3023, 2024.
@article{Ignacio2024,
title = { Limited Awareness of Long COVID Despite Common Experience of Symptoms Among African American/Black, Hispanic/Latino, and Indigenous Adults in Arizona},
author = {Matt Ignacio and Sabrina Oesterle and Natalia Rodriguez-González and Gilberto Lopez and Stephanie Ayers and Ann Carver, and Wendy Wolfersteig and James Herbert Williams and Samantha Sabo and Sairam Parthasarathy },
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s40615-024-02109-7},
doi = {10.1007/s40615-024-02109-7},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-01},
journal = {Journal of Racial and Ethnic Health Disparities},
volume = {12},
pages = {3013-3023},
abstract = {Objectives
Communities of color might disproportionately experience long-term consequences of COVID-19, known as Long COVID. We sought to understand the awareness of and experiences with Long COVID among African American/Black (AA/B), Hispanic/Latino (H/L), and Indigenous (Native) adults (18 + years of age) in Arizona who previously tested positive for COVID-19.
Methods
Between December 2022 and April 2023, the Arizona Community Engagement Alliance (AZCEAL) conducted 12 focus groups and surveys with 65 AA/B, H/L and Native community members. Data from focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify emerging issues. Survey data provided demographic information about participants and quantitative assessments of Long COVID experiences were used to augment focus group data.
Results
Study participants across all three racial/ethnic groups had limited to no awareness of the term Long COVID, yet many described experiencing or witnessing friends and family endure physical symptoms consistent with Long COVID (e.g., brain fog, loss of memory, fatigue) as well as associated mental health issues (e.g., anxiety, worry, post-traumatic stress disorder). Participants identified a need for Long COVID mental health and other health resources, as well as increased access to Long COVID information.
Conclusion
To prevent Long COVID health inequities among AA/B, H/L, and Native adults living in AZ, health-related organizations and providers should increase access to culturally relevant, community-based Long COVID–specific information, mental health services, and other health resources aimed at serving these populations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objectives
Communities of color might disproportionately experience long-term consequences of COVID-19, known as Long COVID. We sought to understand the awareness of and experiences with Long COVID among African American/Black (AA/B), Hispanic/Latino (H/L), and Indigenous (Native) adults (18 + years of age) in Arizona who previously tested positive for COVID-19.
Methods
Between December 2022 and April 2023, the Arizona Community Engagement Alliance (AZCEAL) conducted 12 focus groups and surveys with 65 AA/B, H/L and Native community members. Data from focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify emerging issues. Survey data provided demographic information about participants and quantitative assessments of Long COVID experiences were used to augment focus group data.
Results
Study participants across all three racial/ethnic groups had limited to no awareness of the term Long COVID, yet many described experiencing or witnessing friends and family endure physical symptoms consistent with Long COVID (e.g., brain fog, loss of memory, fatigue) as well as associated mental health issues (e.g., anxiety, worry, post-traumatic stress disorder). Participants identified a need for Long COVID mental health and other health resources, as well as increased access to Long COVID information.
Conclusion
To prevent Long COVID health inequities among AA/B, H/L, and Native adults living in AZ, health-related organizations and providers should increase access to culturally relevant, community-based Long COVID–specific information, mental health services, and other health resources aimed at serving these populations.
Communities of color might disproportionately experience long-term consequences of COVID-19, known as Long COVID. We sought to understand the awareness of and experiences with Long COVID among African American/Black (AA/B), Hispanic/Latino (H/L), and Indigenous (Native) adults (18 + years of age) in Arizona who previously tested positive for COVID-19.
Methods
Between December 2022 and April 2023, the Arizona Community Engagement Alliance (AZCEAL) conducted 12 focus groups and surveys with 65 AA/B, H/L and Native community members. Data from focus groups were analyzed using thematic analysis to identify emerging issues. Survey data provided demographic information about participants and quantitative assessments of Long COVID experiences were used to augment focus group data.
Results
Study participants across all three racial/ethnic groups had limited to no awareness of the term Long COVID, yet many described experiencing or witnessing friends and family endure physical symptoms consistent with Long COVID (e.g., brain fog, loss of memory, fatigue) as well as associated mental health issues (e.g., anxiety, worry, post-traumatic stress disorder). Participants identified a need for Long COVID mental health and other health resources, as well as increased access to Long COVID information.
Conclusion
To prevent Long COVID health inequities among AA/B, H/L, and Native adults living in AZ, health-related organizations and providers should increase access to culturally relevant, community-based Long COVID–specific information, mental health services, and other health resources aimed at serving these populations.
Lininger, Monica; Cook, Natalie; Wayment, Heidi
Social Norms and Concussion Disclosure Behavior: Clarification of Terms and Measurement Recommendations Journal Article
In: Journal of Athletic Training, vol. 59, no. 8, pp. 809-813, 2024.
@article{Lininger2024,
title = { Social Norms and Concussion Disclosure Behavior: Clarification of Terms and Measurement Recommendations},
author = {Monica Lininger and Natalie Cook and Heidi Wayment},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38243740/},
doi = {10.4085/1062-6050-0545.23.},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-08-01},
journal = {Journal of Athletic Training},
volume = {59},
number = {8},
pages = {809-813},
abstract = {Nondisclosed sport-related concussion symptoms pose a significant risk to athletes' health and well-being. Many researchers have focused on understanding the factors affecting athletes' concussion disclosure behaviors. One of the most robust predictors of the likelihood that an athlete will disclose concussion symptoms to their coaches, athletic trainers, parents, or peers is what researchers term social norms. The extant literature regarding social norms influencing concussion disclosure behaviors is inconsistent on how the construct should be defined, conceptualized, or measured, often failing to distinguish between descriptive and injunctive social norms and their sources (direct and indirect). In this technical note, we provide an overview of these critical distinctions, their importance in assessments, and examples from the literature in which scholars have correctly operationalized these constructs in athletic populations. We conclude with a brief set of suggestions for researchers seeking to measure social norms in future research.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Nondisclosed sport-related concussion symptoms pose a significant risk to athletes' health and well-being. Many researchers have focused on understanding the factors affecting athletes' concussion disclosure behaviors. One of the most robust predictors of the likelihood that an athlete will disclose concussion symptoms to their coaches, athletic trainers, parents, or peers is what researchers term social norms. The extant literature regarding social norms influencing concussion disclosure behaviors is inconsistent on how the construct should be defined, conceptualized, or measured, often failing to distinguish between descriptive and injunctive social norms and their sources (direct and indirect). In this technical note, we provide an overview of these critical distinctions, their importance in assessments, and examples from the literature in which scholars have correctly operationalized these constructs in athletic populations. We conclude with a brief set of suggestions for researchers seeking to measure social norms in future research.
Beidler, Erica; Bowman, Thomas G.; Walton, Samuel R.; Lininger, Monica R.; Decker, Meredith N.; Wallace, Jessica; Vela, Luzita; Hibbler, Tamaria; Breedlove, Katherine Morigaki; Larson, Michael; Munce, Thayne; Pappadis, Monique R.; Sunchild, John; Ahonen, Sean; Didehbani, Nyaz; Cifu, David; Resch, Jacob; Kelshaw, Patricia M.
More Than Skin Deep: Patient-Provider Racial and Ethnic Concordance and Discordance in Collegiate Athletics and Concussion Management Journal Article
In: Journal of Athletic Training, vol. 59, no. 7, pp. 762-771, 2024.
@article{Beidler2024,
title = {More Than Skin Deep: Patient-Provider Racial and Ethnic Concordance and Discordance in Collegiate Athletics and Concussion Management},
author = {Erica Beidler and Thomas G. Bowman and Samuel R. Walton and Monica R. Lininger and Meredith N. Decker and Jessica Wallace and Luzita Vela and Tamaria Hibbler and Katherine Morigaki Breedlove and Michael Larson and Thayne Munce and Monique R. Pappadis and John Sunchild and Sean Ahonen and Nyaz Didehbani and David Cifu and Jacob Resch and Patricia M. Kelshaw},
url = {https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11277274/},
doi = {10.4085/1062-6050-0320.23},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-07-25},
journal = {Journal of Athletic Training},
volume = {59},
number = {7},
pages = {762-771},
abstract = {Context
There is strong evidence that racial and ethnic disparities exist in multiple arenas of health and wellness. The causes of racial and ethnic differences in health care are multidimensional; one factor that may affect injury/illness communication, interactions, and outcomes is patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance. At present, it is unclear what role patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance and discordance plays in facilitating concussion care for collegiate athletes.
Objective
To investigate the presence of athlete–athletic trainer (AT) racial and ethnic concordance and discordance among diagnosed concussion cases and examine if racial and ethnic concordance and discordance influences time (in days) until diagnosis, symptom resolution, or return-to-sport clinical milestones in collegiate athletes.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
Collegiate athletics.
Patients or Other Participants
A total of 694 concussion cases (38.6% [n = 268] sustained by women, 61.4% [n = 426] sustained by men) that occurred within the 2015–2016 through 2019–2020 sport seasons at 9 institutions.
Main Outcome Measure(s)
The number of days from the date of injury to diagnosis, symptom resolution, and return to sport and from the date of diagnosis to symptom resolution and return to sport.
Results
Overall, 68.4% (n = 475) of concussion cases had patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance, and 31.6% (n = 219) were discordant. All concordant pairs included a White athlete and White AT. Time to diagnosis differed between the concordant and discordant groups (median [interquartile range] = 1 [0–2] versus 0 [0–1], respectively) only in the model adjusted for sex, sport type, and availability of an AT (odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.07–1.85]). There were no other group differences.
Conclusions
One-third of concussion cases had athlete-AT racial and ethnic discordance. Although this group was diagnosed with a concussion 1 day sooner than the concordant group, no differences were observed for any concussion recovery milestones. These findings suggest that patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance may play a minor role in concussion recognition or reporting but not necessarily in the management and recovery thereafter.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Context
There is strong evidence that racial and ethnic disparities exist in multiple arenas of health and wellness. The causes of racial and ethnic differences in health care are multidimensional; one factor that may affect injury/illness communication, interactions, and outcomes is patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance. At present, it is unclear what role patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance and discordance plays in facilitating concussion care for collegiate athletes.
Objective
To investigate the presence of athlete–athletic trainer (AT) racial and ethnic concordance and discordance among diagnosed concussion cases and examine if racial and ethnic concordance and discordance influences time (in days) until diagnosis, symptom resolution, or return-to-sport clinical milestones in collegiate athletes.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
Collegiate athletics.
Patients or Other Participants
A total of 694 concussion cases (38.6% [n = 268] sustained by women, 61.4% [n = 426] sustained by men) that occurred within the 2015–2016 through 2019–2020 sport seasons at 9 institutions.
Main Outcome Measure(s)
The number of days from the date of injury to diagnosis, symptom resolution, and return to sport and from the date of diagnosis to symptom resolution and return to sport.
Results
Overall, 68.4% (n = 475) of concussion cases had patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance, and 31.6% (n = 219) were discordant. All concordant pairs included a White athlete and White AT. Time to diagnosis differed between the concordant and discordant groups (median [interquartile range] = 1 [0–2] versus 0 [0–1], respectively) only in the model adjusted for sex, sport type, and availability of an AT (odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.07–1.85]). There were no other group differences.
Conclusions
One-third of concussion cases had athlete-AT racial and ethnic discordance. Although this group was diagnosed with a concussion 1 day sooner than the concordant group, no differences were observed for any concussion recovery milestones. These findings suggest that patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance may play a minor role in concussion recognition or reporting but not necessarily in the management and recovery thereafter.
There is strong evidence that racial and ethnic disparities exist in multiple arenas of health and wellness. The causes of racial and ethnic differences in health care are multidimensional; one factor that may affect injury/illness communication, interactions, and outcomes is patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance. At present, it is unclear what role patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance and discordance plays in facilitating concussion care for collegiate athletes.
Objective
To investigate the presence of athlete–athletic trainer (AT) racial and ethnic concordance and discordance among diagnosed concussion cases and examine if racial and ethnic concordance and discordance influences time (in days) until diagnosis, symptom resolution, or return-to-sport clinical milestones in collegiate athletes.
Design
Retrospective cohort study.
Setting
Collegiate athletics.
Patients or Other Participants
A total of 694 concussion cases (38.6% [n = 268] sustained by women, 61.4% [n = 426] sustained by men) that occurred within the 2015–2016 through 2019–2020 sport seasons at 9 institutions.
Main Outcome Measure(s)
The number of days from the date of injury to diagnosis, symptom resolution, and return to sport and from the date of diagnosis to symptom resolution and return to sport.
Results
Overall, 68.4% (n = 475) of concussion cases had patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance, and 31.6% (n = 219) were discordant. All concordant pairs included a White athlete and White AT. Time to diagnosis differed between the concordant and discordant groups (median [interquartile range] = 1 [0–2] versus 0 [0–1], respectively) only in the model adjusted for sex, sport type, and availability of an AT (odds ratio [95% CI] = 1.46 [1.07–1.85]). There were no other group differences.
Conclusions
One-third of concussion cases had athlete-AT racial and ethnic discordance. Although this group was diagnosed with a concussion 1 day sooner than the concordant group, no differences were observed for any concussion recovery milestones. These findings suggest that patient-provider racial and ethnic concordance may play a minor role in concussion recognition or reporting but not necessarily in the management and recovery thereafter.
Thiele, Jeffrey; Williamson, Olivia; Ceavers, Olivia; Firemoon, Paula; Johnson, Olivia; Rink, Elizabeth; Anastario, Michael
Caregiver-Youth Communication Patterns and Sexual and Reproductive Health Among American Indian Youth Journal Article
In: Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health, vol. 26, pp. 1025-1038, 2024.
@article{Thiele2024,
title = {Caregiver-Youth Communication Patterns and Sexual and Reproductive Health Among American Indian Youth},
author = {Jeffrey Thiele and Olivia Williamson and Olivia Ceavers and Paula Firemoon and Olivia Johnson and Elizabeth Rink and Michael Anastario},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s10903-024-01616-3},
doi = {10.1007/s10903-024-01616-3},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-07-12},
journal = {Journal of Immigrant and Minority Health},
volume = {26},
pages = {1025-1038},
abstract = {Improving communication between American Indian caregivers and their youth has been suggested as an Indigenous-forward strategy to help alleviate the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities faced by American Indian youth as a result of the legacy of colonial violence against American Indian communities. Studies with non-American Indian and American Indian populations suggest that effective communication about SRH between parents and youth plays a role in reducing sexual risk behaviors among youth. There is limited research that examines youth sexual risk behaviors in relation to communication patterns separately assessed in caregivers and youth. The current study aimed to examine the association between caregiver-youth communication patterns and engagement in sex, age at sexual debut, and condom use among American Indian youth in the United States. The study draws on baseline caregiver and youth data collected from Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo, a stepped wedge design trial with American Indian youth living on the Fort Peck Reservation in Montana. 113 caregiver responses were matched to 145 youth for the current study. Caregiver-youth communication patterns were examined in relation to youth engagement in sex, age at sexual debut, and number of protected acts of vaginal and/or anal sex. Multivariable models were used to adjust for confounders and to examine relationships between caregiver-youth communication and youth sexual risk outcomes. An increase in overall level of self-reported youth communication with caregivers about sexual and reproductive health topics was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of youth ever having engaged in sex. A significant interaction effect between youth communication and convergence with caregiver response was observed for the number of protected acts of vaginal and/or anal sex, where caregiver communication (regardless of self-reported youth communication with caregivers) was associated with a greater number of protected sex acts. This study fills a gap in the extant literature by reporting on relationships between communication about SRH, assessed separately in caregivers and youth, and youth sexual risk behaviors. Findings emphasize the importance of involving American Indian caregivers in SRH interventions to improve SRH outcomes among American Indian youth, and inform future experimental research that will evaluate how changes in caregiver communication potentially impact youth SRH.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Improving communication between American Indian caregivers and their youth has been suggested as an Indigenous-forward strategy to help alleviate the sexual and reproductive health (SRH) disparities faced by American Indian youth as a result of the legacy of colonial violence against American Indian communities. Studies with non-American Indian and American Indian populations suggest that effective communication about SRH between parents and youth plays a role in reducing sexual risk behaviors among youth. There is limited research that examines youth sexual risk behaviors in relation to communication patterns separately assessed in caregivers and youth. The current study aimed to examine the association between caregiver-youth communication patterns and engagement in sex, age at sexual debut, and condom use among American Indian youth in the United States. The study draws on baseline caregiver and youth data collected from Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo, a stepped wedge design trial with American Indian youth living on the Fort Peck Reservation in Montana. 113 caregiver responses were matched to 145 youth for the current study. Caregiver-youth communication patterns were examined in relation to youth engagement in sex, age at sexual debut, and number of protected acts of vaginal and/or anal sex. Multivariable models were used to adjust for confounders and to examine relationships between caregiver-youth communication and youth sexual risk outcomes. An increase in overall level of self-reported youth communication with caregivers about sexual and reproductive health topics was significantly associated with a greater likelihood of youth ever having engaged in sex. A significant interaction effect between youth communication and convergence with caregiver response was observed for the number of protected acts of vaginal and/or anal sex, where caregiver communication (regardless of self-reported youth communication with caregivers) was associated with a greater number of protected sex acts. This study fills a gap in the extant literature by reporting on relationships between communication about SRH, assessed separately in caregivers and youth, and youth sexual risk behaviors. Findings emphasize the importance of involving American Indian caregivers in SRH interventions to improve SRH outcomes among American Indian youth, and inform future experimental research that will evaluate how changes in caregiver communication potentially impact youth SRH.
Anastario, Michael; Suarez, Andrea; Williamson, Olivia; Firemoon, Paula; Roberts, Elizabeth F S; Barber, Jarrett
Injection preparation filtration and health concerns among indigenous people who inject methamphetamine Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 12, no. 1390210, 2024.
@article{Anastario2024b,
title = {Injection preparation filtration and health concerns among indigenous people who inject methamphetamine},
author = {Michael Anastario and Andrea Suarez and Olivia Williamson and Paula Firemoon and Elizabeth F S Roberts and Jarrett Barber},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390210},
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2024.1390210},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-12},
journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
volume = {12},
number = {1390210},
abstract = {Introduction: Injecting methamphetamine poses significant health risks, but little is known about how methamphetamine injectors filter their injection preparations and experience related health concerns.
Methods: A chain-referral sample of Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine (n = 30) was recruited and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect information on filtration practices and health concerns.
Results: Filtration of the injection preparation was described by 53% of injectors. Elevated levels of concern for kidney disease, cancer and heart disease were observed among those who filtered their preparations (ranging from 50 to 56.3%). Concern about liver disease was the most frequent concern among those who filtered their preparations (62.5%) and was elevated in comparison to those who did not use filters (7.1%). Grouped logistic regression revealed a positive association between filtration of the injection preparation and overall health concerns expressed by injectors, after adjusting for gender and age. The marginal posterior distribution of the adjusted odds ratio for filtration of the injection preparation had a posterior median = 35.7, and 95% HPD interval = (5.1, 512.4).
Discussion: Results illustrate a positive relationship between filtration of the injection preparation and health concerns among Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine. This likely reflects the use of filtration to reduce harms, and further research is needed to understand the full scope of prevention that may be associated with filtration of methamphetamine injection preparations.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Introduction: Injecting methamphetamine poses significant health risks, but little is known about how methamphetamine injectors filter their injection preparations and experience related health concerns.
Methods: A chain-referral sample of Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine (n = 30) was recruited and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect information on filtration practices and health concerns.
Results: Filtration of the injection preparation was described by 53% of injectors. Elevated levels of concern for kidney disease, cancer and heart disease were observed among those who filtered their preparations (ranging from 50 to 56.3%). Concern about liver disease was the most frequent concern among those who filtered their preparations (62.5%) and was elevated in comparison to those who did not use filters (7.1%). Grouped logistic regression revealed a positive association between filtration of the injection preparation and overall health concerns expressed by injectors, after adjusting for gender and age. The marginal posterior distribution of the adjusted odds ratio for filtration of the injection preparation had a posterior median = 35.7, and 95% HPD interval = (5.1, 512.4).
Discussion: Results illustrate a positive relationship between filtration of the injection preparation and health concerns among Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine. This likely reflects the use of filtration to reduce harms, and further research is needed to understand the full scope of prevention that may be associated with filtration of methamphetamine injection preparations.
Methods: A chain-referral sample of Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine (n = 30) was recruited and semistructured interviews were conducted to collect information on filtration practices and health concerns.
Results: Filtration of the injection preparation was described by 53% of injectors. Elevated levels of concern for kidney disease, cancer and heart disease were observed among those who filtered their preparations (ranging from 50 to 56.3%). Concern about liver disease was the most frequent concern among those who filtered their preparations (62.5%) and was elevated in comparison to those who did not use filters (7.1%). Grouped logistic regression revealed a positive association between filtration of the injection preparation and overall health concerns expressed by injectors, after adjusting for gender and age. The marginal posterior distribution of the adjusted odds ratio for filtration of the injection preparation had a posterior median = 35.7, and 95% HPD interval = (5.1, 512.4).
Discussion: Results illustrate a positive relationship between filtration of the injection preparation and health concerns among Indigenous people who inject methamphetamine. This likely reflects the use of filtration to reduce harms, and further research is needed to understand the full scope of prevention that may be associated with filtration of methamphetamine injection preparations.
Laurila, Kelly A; Rogers, Laurie D; Valencia, Celina I; Lee, Naomi; de Heer, Hendrik; Bea, Jennifer W; Ingram, Jani C; Gachupin, Francine C
In: International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health, vol. 21, no. 6, 2024.
@article{Laurila2024,
title = {Advancing Cancer Workforce Capacity for American Indians and Alaska Natives: The Development of a Validated System to Optimize Trainee Participation and Outcome Tracking},
author = {Kelly A Laurila and Laurie D Rogers and Celina I Valencia and Naomi Lee and Hendrik de Heer and Jennifer W Bea and Jani C Ingram and Francine C Gachupin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21060752},
doi = {10.3390/ijerph21060752},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-08},
journal = {International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health},
volume = {21},
number = {6},
abstract = {Although American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) students are the most underrepresented group in the U.S. in biomedical and health sciences relative to population size, little is known about long-term research education programs and outcome tracking. For over 20 years, the Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention (NACP) has been supported under the National Cancer Institute's (NCI)-funded Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) program. Programming included hands-on mentored research and an array of development opportunities. A validated tracking system combining participation records, institutional records, and enrollment/degree attainment from the National Student Clearinghouse documents outcomes. Collectively (2002-2022) NACP engaged 367 AIAN trainees, of whom 237 individuals earned 220 bachelors, 87 masters, and 34 doctoral/professional degrees. Approximately 45% of AIAN doctoral recipients are currently engaged in academic or clinical work, and 10% in industry or tribal leadership. A total of 238 AIAN students participated in mentored research, with 85% demonstrating strong outcomes; 51% attained a degree, and 34% are currently enrolled. Implementation of a robust tracking system documented acceleration in degree attainment over time. Next steps will evaluate the most impactful training activities on student outcomes.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Although American Indian and Alaska Native (AIAN) students are the most underrepresented group in the U.S. in biomedical and health sciences relative to population size, little is known about long-term research education programs and outcome tracking. For over 20 years, the Partnership for Native American Cancer Prevention (NACP) has been supported under the National Cancer Institute's (NCI)-funded Comprehensive Partnerships to Advance Cancer Health Equity (CPACHE) program. Programming included hands-on mentored research and an array of development opportunities. A validated tracking system combining participation records, institutional records, and enrollment/degree attainment from the National Student Clearinghouse documents outcomes. Collectively (2002-2022) NACP engaged 367 AIAN trainees, of whom 237 individuals earned 220 bachelors, 87 masters, and 34 doctoral/professional degrees. Approximately 45% of AIAN doctoral recipients are currently engaged in academic or clinical work, and 10% in industry or tribal leadership. A total of 238 AIAN students participated in mentored research, with 85% demonstrating strong outcomes; 51% attained a degree, and 34% are currently enrolled. Implementation of a robust tracking system documented acceleration in degree attainment over time. Next steps will evaluate the most impactful training activities on student outcomes.
Bautista, Tara; Ware, Orrin D; Burgos, Miracle Macias; Rivas, Veronica D; Cruz-Carrillo, Yesenia; Davidson, Alec; Mezhenska, Mariia; Sanchez, Mariana; Amaro, Hortensia
In: Frontiers in Psychology, vol. 15, no. 1359174, 2024.
@article{Bautista2024,
title = {Mixed-methods analysis of satisfaction during a 12-session mindfulness-based intervention for women with a substance use disorder and trauma symptomatology},
author = {Tara Bautista and Orrin D Ware and Miracle Macias Burgos and Veronica D Rivas and Yesenia Cruz-Carrillo and Alec Davidson and Mariia Mezhenska and Mariana Sanchez and Hortensia Amaro},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/38939226/},
doi = {10.3389/fpsyg.2024.1359174.},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-06},
journal = {Frontiers in Psychology},
volume = {15},
number = {1359174},
abstract = {Satisfaction with an intervention influences the uptake of behavior changes and the long-term efficacy of the intervention. Therefore, it is crucial to assess satisfaction by participant profile when creating and adapting behavior interventions for minoritized populations. Qualitative and quantitative data on participant trauma symptom severity and intervention satisfaction were collected through self-report surveys from 54 women. The sample was 59.3% Hispanic, with an average age of 33.21 (SD = 10.42), who were in residential treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) and participated in a 12-session mindfulness-based intervention. Qualitative responses were coded using thematic analysis, and an integrative mixed-methods approach was used to compare qualitative theme frequency between high-trauma (N = 28) and low-trauma (N = 26) groups at session 2 and session 11. High- and low-trauma groups were determined by interquartile ranges (bottom 25% = low; top 75% = high). In session 2, the low-trauma group reported significantly higher satisfaction (M = 4.20, SD = 0.55) than the high-trauma group (M = 3.77, SD = 0.89); t(43) = 1.90, p = 0.03. In session 11, there was no significant difference between groups. The mixed-methods analysis revealed that "trouble focusing" appeared more frequently in the high-trauma group than in the low-trauma group during session 2, but the theme was not present in either group at session 11, suggesting that this might pose an initial barrier for individuals with high trauma but subsides as the intervention progresses. This speaks to the importance of retention strategies tailored for participants with SUDs and high trauma while they adjust to the intervention. Assessing initial challenges with satisfaction may help facilitators intervene to increase participant satisfaction.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Satisfaction with an intervention influences the uptake of behavior changes and the long-term efficacy of the intervention. Therefore, it is crucial to assess satisfaction by participant profile when creating and adapting behavior interventions for minoritized populations. Qualitative and quantitative data on participant trauma symptom severity and intervention satisfaction were collected through self-report surveys from 54 women. The sample was 59.3% Hispanic, with an average age of 33.21 (SD = 10.42), who were in residential treatment for substance use disorders (SUDs) and participated in a 12-session mindfulness-based intervention. Qualitative responses were coded using thematic analysis, and an integrative mixed-methods approach was used to compare qualitative theme frequency between high-trauma (N = 28) and low-trauma (N = 26) groups at session 2 and session 11. High- and low-trauma groups were determined by interquartile ranges (bottom 25% = low; top 75% = high). In session 2, the low-trauma group reported significantly higher satisfaction (M = 4.20, SD = 0.55) than the high-trauma group (M = 3.77, SD = 0.89); t(43) = 1.90, p = 0.03. In session 11, there was no significant difference between groups. The mixed-methods analysis revealed that "trouble focusing" appeared more frequently in the high-trauma group than in the low-trauma group during session 2, but the theme was not present in either group at session 11, suggesting that this might pose an initial barrier for individuals with high trauma but subsides as the intervention progresses. This speaks to the importance of retention strategies tailored for participants with SUDs and high trauma while they adjust to the intervention. Assessing initial challenges with satisfaction may help facilitators intervene to increase participant satisfaction.
Sabo, Samantha; Jiménez, Dulce J; Longorio, Alexandra E. Samarron; Gomez, Omar; Liebert, Melissa; Cuautle, Miriam Adriana; Shuman, Sara; de Zapien, Jill Guernsey; Milczarek-Desai, Shefali
Aquí Entre Nos (Just Between Us): Engagement of Hotel Housekeepers During Sociopolitical and Environmental Change Journal Article
In: Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action, vol. 18, no. 2, pp. 213-223, 2024.
@article{Sabo2024,
title = {Aquí Entre Nos (Just Between Us): Engagement of Hotel Housekeepers During Sociopolitical and Environmental Change},
author = {Samantha Sabo and Dulce J Jiménez and Alexandra E. Samarron Longorio and Omar Gomez and Melissa Liebert and Miriam Adriana Cuautle and Sara Shuman and Jill Guernsey de Zapien and Shefali Milczarek-Desai},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1353/cpr.2024.a930717},
doi = {10.1353/cpr.2024.a930717},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-01},
journal = {Progress in Community Health Partnerships: Research, Education, and Action},
volume = {18},
number = {2},
pages = {213-223},
abstract = {Background: Aquí Entre Nos (Between Us) is a community-based participatory research project to engage rural, ethnoracially diverse hotel housekeepers in a right to work state during a time of national anti-immigrant policy, wildfires and emergence of a global pandemic. Objectives: We aimed to (1) build trust and social support with the hotel housekeeping community, (2) learn about the occupational health, safety, and workers’ rights challenges, strategies, and solutions held by workers, and (3) develop a workforce-driven research and action agenda to improve labor and health conditions. Methods: Participatory mixed methods rooted in popular education are described to form an advisory board and engage the workforce. Lessons Learned: Trusted relationships built through community organizing around immigration, housing, and minimum wage were critical to engage and drive a worker centered research agenda. Conclusions: Despite challenges, housekeeper advisors defined a research agenda that addressed immediate-and long-term needs of the workforce.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background: Aquí Entre Nos (Between Us) is a community-based participatory research project to engage rural, ethnoracially diverse hotel housekeepers in a right to work state during a time of national anti-immigrant policy, wildfires and emergence of a global pandemic. Objectives: We aimed to (1) build trust and social support with the hotel housekeeping community, (2) learn about the occupational health, safety, and workers’ rights challenges, strategies, and solutions held by workers, and (3) develop a workforce-driven research and action agenda to improve labor and health conditions. Methods: Participatory mixed methods rooted in popular education are described to form an advisory board and engage the workforce. Lessons Learned: Trusted relationships built through community organizing around immigration, housing, and minimum wage were critical to engage and drive a worker centered research agenda. Conclusions: Despite challenges, housekeeper advisors defined a research agenda that addressed immediate-and long-term needs of the workforce.
Mernitz, Sara; Hsu, Jaime; Pollitt, Amanda
Timing of a First Romantic Union Among Sexual Minority Young Adults Journal Article
In: Demography, vol. 61, no. 3, pp. 879-899, 2024.
@article{Mernitz2024,
title = {Timing of a First Romantic Union Among Sexual Minority Young Adults},
author = {Sara Mernitz and Jaime Hsu and Amanda Pollitt},
url = {https://read.dukeupress.edu/demography/article/61/3/879/387659/Timing-of-a-First-Romantic-Union-Among-Sexual},
doi = {10.1215/00703370-11380562},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-06-01},
journal = {Demography},
volume = {61},
number = {3},
pages = {879-899},
abstract = {Cohabitation and marriage are critical milestones during the transition to adulthood; however, there is limited research on the timing of young adults’ first same-sex unions. There is some evidence that same-sex unions may be delayed, particularly for men. Further, formation of both same- and different-sex dating relationships, common among sexual minority young adults, may also extend to cohabitation and marriage. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to predict the timing of a first romantic union, defined as a cohabitation or marriage, among sexual minority young adults. We then distinguished between women and men and the timing of a different-sex versus a same-sex union. Compared with heterosexual young adults, lesbian and gay young adults entered a union at later ages (driven by men), whereas bisexual young adults entered a union at younger ages (driven by women). Lesbian and gay young adults who entered a first union with a same-sex partner did so at later ages than those who entered a first union with a different-sex partner. Results suggest that patterns of sexual minority dating relationship formation might extend to unions.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Cohabitation and marriage are critical milestones during the transition to adulthood; however, there is limited research on the timing of young adults’ first same-sex unions. There is some evidence that same-sex unions may be delayed, particularly for men. Further, formation of both same- and different-sex dating relationships, common among sexual minority young adults, may also extend to cohabitation and marriage. We used the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health to predict the timing of a first romantic union, defined as a cohabitation or marriage, among sexual minority young adults. We then distinguished between women and men and the timing of a different-sex versus a same-sex union. Compared with heterosexual young adults, lesbian and gay young adults entered a union at later ages (driven by men), whereas bisexual young adults entered a union at younger ages (driven by women). Lesbian and gay young adults who entered a first union with a same-sex partner did so at later ages than those who entered a first union with a different-sex partner. Results suggest that patterns of sexual minority dating relationship formation might extend to unions.
Mihaljevic, Joseph; Chief, Carmenlita; Malik, Mehreen; Oshinubi, Kayode; Doerry, Eck; Gel, Esme; Hepp, Crystal; Lant, Tim; Mehrota, Sanjay; Sabo, Samantha
An inaugural forum on epidemiological modeling for public health stakeholders in Arizona Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 12, no. 1357908, 2024.
@article{Mihaljevic2024,
title = {An inaugural forum on epidemiological modeling for public health stakeholders in Arizona},
author = {Joseph Mihaljevic and Carmenlita Chief and Mehreen Malik and Kayode Oshinubi and Eck Doerry and Esme Gel and Crystal Hepp and Tim Lant and Sanjay Mehrota and Samantha Sabo},
url = {https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11176426/},
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2024.1357908},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-05-31},
journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
volume = {12},
number = {1357908},
abstract = {Epidemiological models-which help us understand and forecast the spread of infectious disease-can be valuable tools for public health. However, barriers exist that can make it difficult to employ epidemiological models routinely within the repertoire of public health planning. These barriers include technical challenges associated with constructing the models, challenges in obtaining appropriate data for model parameterization, and problems with clear communication of modeling outputs and uncertainty. To learn about the unique barriers and opportunities within the state of Arizona, we gathered a diverse set of 48 public health stakeholders for a day-and-a-half forum. Our research group was motivated specifically by our work building software for public health-relevant modeling and by our earnest desire to collaborate closely with stakeholders to ensure that our software tools are practical and useful in the face of evolving public health needs. Here we outline the planning and structure of the forum, and we highlight as a case study some of the lessons learned from breakout discussions. While unique barriers exist for implementing modeling for public health, there is also keen interest in doing so across diverse sectors of State and Local government, although issues of equal and fair access to modeling knowledge and technologies remain key issues for future development. We found this forum to be useful for building relationships and informing our software development, and we plan to continue such meetings annually to create a continual feedback loop between academic molders and public health practitioners.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Epidemiological models-which help us understand and forecast the spread of infectious disease-can be valuable tools for public health. However, barriers exist that can make it difficult to employ epidemiological models routinely within the repertoire of public health planning. These barriers include technical challenges associated with constructing the models, challenges in obtaining appropriate data for model parameterization, and problems with clear communication of modeling outputs and uncertainty. To learn about the unique barriers and opportunities within the state of Arizona, we gathered a diverse set of 48 public health stakeholders for a day-and-a-half forum. Our research group was motivated specifically by our work building software for public health-relevant modeling and by our earnest desire to collaborate closely with stakeholders to ensure that our software tools are practical and useful in the face of evolving public health needs. Here we outline the planning and structure of the forum, and we highlight as a case study some of the lessons learned from breakout discussions. While unique barriers exist for implementing modeling for public health, there is also keen interest in doing so across diverse sectors of State and Local government, although issues of equal and fair access to modeling knowledge and technologies remain key issues for future development. We found this forum to be useful for building relationships and informing our software development, and we plan to continue such meetings annually to create a continual feedback loop between academic molders and public health practitioners.
Saleki, Kiaresh; Mojtahedi, Zahra; Ulrichs, Timo; Mahdavi, Mehdi; Azadmehr, Abbas
Editorial: Neuroimmune cell signaling in COVID-19 Journal Article
In: Frontiers in Immunology, vol. 15 - 2024, 2024.
@article{Saleki2024,
title = {Editorial: Neuroimmune cell signaling in COVID-19},
author = {Kiaresh Saleki and Zahra Mojtahedi and Timo Ulrichs and Mehdi Mahdavi and Abbas Azadmehr},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2024.1429908},
doi = {10.3389/fimmu.2024.1429908},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-05-22},
journal = {Frontiers in Immunology},
volume = {15 - 2024},
abstract = {The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in Wuhan, China, and has ever since taken the world by storm. COVID-19 was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the human coronavirus family responsible for two previous outbreaks. SARS-CoV2 spread rapidly around the globe, resulting in death in large numbers (1–3). A large retrospective cohort showed that the approximate rate of a neurological or psychiatric event after COVID-19 was one in three cases or one in eight cases in which a neurological or psychiatric condition was diagnosed for the first time. These epidemiological rates reach more than 45% of critically ill ICU COVID-19 cases (4).},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The Coronavirus disease-2019 (COVID-19) pandemic started in Wuhan, China, and has ever since taken the world by storm. COVID-19 was caused by severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), a member of the human coronavirus family responsible for two previous outbreaks. SARS-CoV2 spread rapidly around the globe, resulting in death in large numbers (1–3). A large retrospective cohort showed that the approximate rate of a neurological or psychiatric event after COVID-19 was one in three cases or one in eight cases in which a neurological or psychiatric condition was diagnosed for the first time. These epidemiological rates reach more than 45% of critically ill ICU COVID-19 cases (4).
Anastario, Michael; Salamanca, Elena; Hawkins, Elizabeth
Kneeling Before Corn Recuperating More-than-Human Intimacies on the Salvadoran Milpa Book
University of Arizona Press, 2024, ISBN: 9780816553372, 9780816553389.
@book{Anastario2024,
title = {Kneeling Before Corn Recuperating More-than-Human Intimacies on the Salvadoran Milpa},
author = {Michael Anastario and Elena Salamanca and Elizabeth Hawkins},
url = {https://uapress.arizona.edu/book/kneeling-before-corn},
isbn = {9780816553372, 9780816553389},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-05-01},
journal = {University of Arizona Press},
publisher = {University of Arizona Press},
abstract = {The cultivation of the three sisters (corn, beans, and squash) on subsistence farms in El Salvador is a multispecies, world-making, and ongoing process. Milpa describes a small subsistence corn farm. It is derived from the word milli (‘field’, or a piece of land under active cultivation) in Nahuatl. The milpa is a farming practice that uses perennial, intercropping, and swidden (fire and fallow) techniques that predates the Spanish conquest of the Americas.
Kneeling Before Corn focuses on the intimate relations that develop between plants and humans in the milpas of the northern rural region of El Salvador. It explores the ways in which more-than-human intimacies travel away from and return to the milpa through human networks.
Collective and multivocal, this work reflects independent lines of investigation and multiple conversations between co-authors—all of whom have lived in El Salvador for extended periods of time. Throughout the six chapters, the co-authors invite readers to consider more-than-human intimacies by rethinking, experimenting with, and developing new ways of documenting, analyzing, and knowing the intimacies that form between humans and the plants that they cultivate, conserve, long for, and eat. This book offers an innovative account of rural El Salvador in the twenty-first century.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {book}
}
The cultivation of the three sisters (corn, beans, and squash) on subsistence farms in El Salvador is a multispecies, world-making, and ongoing process. Milpa describes a small subsistence corn farm. It is derived from the word milli (‘field’, or a piece of land under active cultivation) in Nahuatl. The milpa is a farming practice that uses perennial, intercropping, and swidden (fire and fallow) techniques that predates the Spanish conquest of the Americas.
Kneeling Before Corn focuses on the intimate relations that develop between plants and humans in the milpas of the northern rural region of El Salvador. It explores the ways in which more-than-human intimacies travel away from and return to the milpa through human networks.
Collective and multivocal, this work reflects independent lines of investigation and multiple conversations between co-authors—all of whom have lived in El Salvador for extended periods of time. Throughout the six chapters, the co-authors invite readers to consider more-than-human intimacies by rethinking, experimenting with, and developing new ways of documenting, analyzing, and knowing the intimacies that form between humans and the plants that they cultivate, conserve, long for, and eat. This book offers an innovative account of rural El Salvador in the twenty-first century.
Kneeling Before Corn focuses on the intimate relations that develop between plants and humans in the milpas of the northern rural region of El Salvador. It explores the ways in which more-than-human intimacies travel away from and return to the milpa through human networks.
Collective and multivocal, this work reflects independent lines of investigation and multiple conversations between co-authors—all of whom have lived in El Salvador for extended periods of time. Throughout the six chapters, the co-authors invite readers to consider more-than-human intimacies by rethinking, experimenting with, and developing new ways of documenting, analyzing, and knowing the intimacies that form between humans and the plants that they cultivate, conserve, long for, and eat. This book offers an innovative account of rural El Salvador in the twenty-first century.
Rink, Elizabeth; Stotz, Sarah A; Johnson-Jennings, Michelle; Huyser, Kimberly; Collins, Katie; Manson, Spero M; Berkowitz, Seth A; Hebert, Luciana; Shanks, Carmen Byker; Begay, Kelli; Hicks, Teresa; Dennison, Michelle; Jiang, Luohua; Firemoon, Paula; Johnson, Olivia; Anastario, Mike; Ricker, Adriann; GrowingThunder, Ramey; Baldwin, Julie
In: Prevention Science, vol. 25, pp. 474-485, 2024.
@article{Rink2024,
title = {"We don't separate out these things. Everything is related": Partnerships with Indigenous Communities to Design, Implement, and Evaluate Multilevel Interventions to Reduce Health Disparities},
author = {Elizabeth Rink and Sarah A Stotz and Michelle Johnson-Jennings and Kimberly Huyser and Katie Collins and Spero M Manson and Seth A Berkowitz and Luciana Hebert and Carmen Byker Shanks and Kelli Begay and Teresa Hicks and Michelle Dennison and Luohua Jiang and Paula Firemoon and Olivia Johnson and Mike Anastario and Adriann Ricker and Ramey GrowingThunder and Julie Baldwin},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s11121-024-01668-9},
doi = {10.1007/s11121-024-01668-9},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-10},
journal = {Prevention Science},
volume = {25},
pages = {474-485},
abstract = {Multilevel interventions (MLIs) are appropriate to reduce health disparities among Indigenous peoples because of their ability to address these communities’ diverse histories, dynamics, cultures, politics, and environments. Intervention science has highlighted the importance of context-sensitive MLIs in Indigenous communities that can prioritize Indigenous and local knowledge systems and emphasize the collective versus the individual. This paradigm shift away from individual-level focus interventions to community-level focus interventions underscores the need for community engagement and diverse partnerships in MLI design, implementation, and evaluation. In this paper, we discuss three case studies addressing how Indigenous partners collaborated with researchers in each stage of the design, implementation, and evaluation of MLIs to reduce health disparities impacting their communities. We highlight the following: (1) collaborations with multiple, diverse tribal partners to carry out MLIs which require iterative, consistent conversations over time; (2) inclusion of qualitative and Indigenous research methods in MLIs as a way to honor Indigenous and local knowledge systems as well as a way to understand a health disparity phenomenon in a community; and (3) relationship building, maintenance, and mutual respect among MLI partners to reconcile past research abuses, prevent extractive research practices, decolonize research processes, and generate co-created knowledge between Indigenous and academic communities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Multilevel interventions (MLIs) are appropriate to reduce health disparities among Indigenous peoples because of their ability to address these communities’ diverse histories, dynamics, cultures, politics, and environments. Intervention science has highlighted the importance of context-sensitive MLIs in Indigenous communities that can prioritize Indigenous and local knowledge systems and emphasize the collective versus the individual. This paradigm shift away from individual-level focus interventions to community-level focus interventions underscores the need for community engagement and diverse partnerships in MLI design, implementation, and evaluation. In this paper, we discuss three case studies addressing how Indigenous partners collaborated with researchers in each stage of the design, implementation, and evaluation of MLIs to reduce health disparities impacting their communities. We highlight the following: (1) collaborations with multiple, diverse tribal partners to carry out MLIs which require iterative, consistent conversations over time; (2) inclusion of qualitative and Indigenous research methods in MLIs as a way to honor Indigenous and local knowledge systems as well as a way to understand a health disparity phenomenon in a community; and (3) relationship building, maintenance, and mutual respect among MLI partners to reconcile past research abuses, prevent extractive research practices, decolonize research processes, and generate co-created knowledge between Indigenous and academic communities.
Lowe, John; Brooks, Jada; Lawrence, Gary; Baldwin, Julie; Kelley, Melessa; Wimbish-Tompkins, Rose
Intertribal Talking Circle for the prevention of alcohol and drug use among Native American youth Journal Article
In: Research in Nursing and Health, vol. 47, no. 2, pp. 234-241, 2024.
@article{Lowe2024,
title = { Intertribal Talking Circle for the prevention of alcohol and drug use among Native American youth},
author = {John Lowe and Jada Brooks and Gary Lawrence and Julie Baldwin and Melessa Kelley and Rose Wimbish-Tompkins},
url = {https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC11967442/},
doi = {10.1002/nur.22372},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-04-01},
journal = {Research in Nursing and Health},
volume = {47},
number = {2},
pages = {234-241},
abstract = {The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a culturally based intervention, the Intertribal Talking Circle program, compared to a standard alcohol and drug abuse education, the Be A Winner program. Community-based participatory research was used to implement a two-condition, quasi-experimental study. The sample included 540 Native American youth ages 10−12 years old from three tribal areas in the United States. Data were collected at baseline, 6 and 12-months post-intervention for both the intervention and control groups using demographic, cultural identity, alcohol use, and drug use questionnaires. Regression models evaluated participants' improvement in decreasing alcohol and drug use and increasing cultural identity. Findings revealed that alcohol and drug use decreased more significantly among youth who participated in the Intertribal Talking Circle (ITC) intervention program than youth who participated in a standard alcohol and drug abuse education Be A Winner (BAW) program. Cultural identity also increased more significantly among participants who completed the Talking Circle intervention program. Native American youth ages 10−12 years old respond positively to a culturally based intervention for the reduction of alcohol and drug use. The findings highlight the importance of cultural values and identity and their significance in preventing and reducing alcohol and drug use among Native American youth.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The purpose of this study was to examine the impact of a culturally based intervention, the Intertribal Talking Circle program, compared to a standard alcohol and drug abuse education, the Be A Winner program. Community-based participatory research was used to implement a two-condition, quasi-experimental study. The sample included 540 Native American youth ages 10−12 years old from three tribal areas in the United States. Data were collected at baseline, 6 and 12-months post-intervention for both the intervention and control groups using demographic, cultural identity, alcohol use, and drug use questionnaires. Regression models evaluated participants' improvement in decreasing alcohol and drug use and increasing cultural identity. Findings revealed that alcohol and drug use decreased more significantly among youth who participated in the Intertribal Talking Circle (ITC) intervention program than youth who participated in a standard alcohol and drug abuse education Be A Winner (BAW) program. Cultural identity also increased more significantly among participants who completed the Talking Circle intervention program. Native American youth ages 10−12 years old respond positively to a culturally based intervention for the reduction of alcohol and drug use. The findings highlight the importance of cultural values and identity and their significance in preventing and reducing alcohol and drug use among Native American youth.
Brown, Heidi E.; Begay, Rachelle L.; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Chief, Carmenlita; Lameman, Breanna; Harris, Robin B.
Healthcare access, attitudes and behaviours among Navajo adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study Journal Article
In: BMJ Public Health, vol. 2, no. 1, 2024.
@article{Brown2024,
title = {Healthcare access, attitudes and behaviours among Navajo adults during the COVID-19 pandemic: a cross-sectional study},
author = {Heidi E. Brown and Rachelle L. Begay and Priscilla R Sanderson and Carmenlita Chief and Breanna Lameman and Robin B. Harris},
url = {https://bmjpublichealth.bmj.com/content/2/1/e000061},
doi = {10.1136/bmjph-2023-000061},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-19},
journal = {BMJ Public Health},
volume = {2},
number = {1},
abstract = {Objective To assess factors associated with positive COVID-19 tests, perspectives on health-related care delivery during pandemic and factors supporting resilience among members of the Navajo Nation.
Methods and analysis From May through October 2021, a multi-institutional team recruited participants (n=154) to complete a 49-item questionnaire or participate in a focus group (n=14) about their experience with COVID-19 and the effects on their use and access to allopathic and traditional healthcare. A multi-investigator, phenomenological approach summarised focus group experiences.
Results While 73% had been tested for COVID-19, only 27.8% reported a positive test. Positive tests were not associated with household size or multigenerational homes, though time to grocery store was (p=0.04). There were no significant differences in allopathic or traditional medical care experiences from before and during the pandemic. Despite limited internet access, 28.8% chose a telehealth appointment and 42% expressed satisfaction with their experience. Discussion themes revealed perceived disruptions of healthcare needs with acknowledgement that healthcare providers were supportive throughout the Navajo Nation quarantine.
Conclusion Presence of comorbidities and living in multigenerational homes do not explain the disproportionate effects of COVID-19 among American Indian communities. Strengthening family and community bonds supported resilience in these communities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objective To assess factors associated with positive COVID-19 tests, perspectives on health-related care delivery during pandemic and factors supporting resilience among members of the Navajo Nation.
Methods and analysis From May through October 2021, a multi-institutional team recruited participants (n=154) to complete a 49-item questionnaire or participate in a focus group (n=14) about their experience with COVID-19 and the effects on their use and access to allopathic and traditional healthcare. A multi-investigator, phenomenological approach summarised focus group experiences.
Results While 73% had been tested for COVID-19, only 27.8% reported a positive test. Positive tests were not associated with household size or multigenerational homes, though time to grocery store was (p=0.04). There were no significant differences in allopathic or traditional medical care experiences from before and during the pandemic. Despite limited internet access, 28.8% chose a telehealth appointment and 42% expressed satisfaction with their experience. Discussion themes revealed perceived disruptions of healthcare needs with acknowledgement that healthcare providers were supportive throughout the Navajo Nation quarantine.
Conclusion Presence of comorbidities and living in multigenerational homes do not explain the disproportionate effects of COVID-19 among American Indian communities. Strengthening family and community bonds supported resilience in these communities.
Methods and analysis From May through October 2021, a multi-institutional team recruited participants (n=154) to complete a 49-item questionnaire or participate in a focus group (n=14) about their experience with COVID-19 and the effects on their use and access to allopathic and traditional healthcare. A multi-investigator, phenomenological approach summarised focus group experiences.
Results While 73% had been tested for COVID-19, only 27.8% reported a positive test. Positive tests were not associated with household size or multigenerational homes, though time to grocery store was (p=0.04). There were no significant differences in allopathic or traditional medical care experiences from before and during the pandemic. Despite limited internet access, 28.8% chose a telehealth appointment and 42% expressed satisfaction with their experience. Discussion themes revealed perceived disruptions of healthcare needs with acknowledgement that healthcare providers were supportive throughout the Navajo Nation quarantine.
Conclusion Presence of comorbidities and living in multigenerational homes do not explain the disproportionate effects of COVID-19 among American Indian communities. Strengthening family and community bonds supported resilience in these communities.
Etzel, Ruth; Abbas, Nivine H.; Anastario, Michael; Mustapha, Adetoun; Osuolale, Olayinka; Sarkar, Atanu; Soyiri, Ireneous N.; Whaibeh, Emile; Soskolne, Colin L.
Ethics guidelines for environmental epidemiologists: 2023 revision Journal Article
In: Environmental Epidemiology, vol. 8, no. 2, 2024.
@article{Etzel2024,
title = {Ethics guidelines for environmental epidemiologists: 2023 revision},
author = {Ruth Etzel and Nivine H. Abbas and Michael Anastario and Adetoun Mustapha and Olayinka Osuolale and Atanu Sarkar and Ireneous N. Soyiri and Emile Whaibeh and Colin L. Soskolne},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1097/ee9.0000000000000299},
doi = {10.1097/ee9.0000000000000299},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-12},
journal = {Environmental Epidemiology},
volume = {8},
number = {2},
abstract = {Recognition of the importance to environmental epidemiology of ethical and philosophical deliberation led, in 1996, to the establishment of Ethics Guidelines for the profession. In 1999, these guidelines were adopted by the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. The guidelines were revised in 2012 and again in 2023 to ensure continued relevance to the major issues facing the field. Comprising normative standards of professional conduct, the guidelines are structured into four subsections: (1) obligations to individuals and communities who participate in research; (2) obligations to society; (3) obligations regarding funders/sponsors and employers; and (4) obligations to colleagues. Through the 2023 revision of the Ethics Guidelines, the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology seeks to ensure the highest possible standards of transparency and accountability for the ethical conduct of environmental epidemiologists engaged in research and public health practice.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Recognition of the importance to environmental epidemiology of ethical and philosophical deliberation led, in 1996, to the establishment of Ethics Guidelines for the profession. In 1999, these guidelines were adopted by the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology. The guidelines were revised in 2012 and again in 2023 to ensure continued relevance to the major issues facing the field. Comprising normative standards of professional conduct, the guidelines are structured into four subsections: (1) obligations to individuals and communities who participate in research; (2) obligations to society; (3) obligations regarding funders/sponsors and employers; and (4) obligations to colleagues. Through the 2023 revision of the Ethics Guidelines, the International Society for Environmental Epidemiology seeks to ensure the highest possible standards of transparency and accountability for the ethical conduct of environmental epidemiologists engaged in research and public health practice.
Santos, Jeffersson; Camplain, Carolyn; Pollitt, Amanda M.; Baldwin, Julie
A formative assessment of client characteristics associated with missed appointments in integrated primary care services in rural Arizona Journal Article
In: Journal of Evaluation and Clinical Practice, vol. 30, no. 2, pp. 243-250, 2024.
@article{Santos2024b,
title = {A formative assessment of client characteristics associated with missed appointments in integrated primary care services in rural Arizona},
author = {Jeffersson Santos and Carolyn Camplain and Amanda M. Pollitt and Julie Baldwin},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37933799/},
doi = {10.1111/jep.13939},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-03-01},
journal = {Journal of Evaluation and Clinical Practice},
volume = {30},
number = {2},
pages = {243-250},
abstract = {Introduction: Integrating primary care services in mental healthcare facilities is an uncommon model of care in the United States that could bring several benefits (e.g., improved access to physical healthcare) for vulnerable populations experiencing mental health conditions, especially those living in underserved regions like rural Arizona.
Aim: This formative assessment aimed to understand the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of clients accessing integrated primary care (IPC) services implemented in 2021 at a community mental healthcare facility in rural Arizona and to explore the proportion of missed appointments. Additionally, we analysed the association between client characteristics and IPC missed appointments.
Methods: The authors collaborated with a community mental health facility in rural Arizona, which provided deidentified data from 280 clients who accessed IPC services from June 2021 to February 2022.
Results: Most clients were White and of vulnerable socioeconomic status, with a substantial proportion of Native Americans (23.58%). The majority of clients (55.75%) had a mental health disorder (MHD), 23.74% had a substance use disorder (SUD), and 15.10% had comorbid MHD and SUD. Linear regression revealed that experiencing comorbid MHD and SUD was significantly associated with missed appointments. Compared with White clients, Native Americans missed fewer appointments.
Conclusion: Future studies conducted from a culturally-centred perspective are crucial to guide strategies to reduce missed appointments in rural IPC services.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Introduction: Integrating primary care services in mental healthcare facilities is an uncommon model of care in the United States that could bring several benefits (e.g., improved access to physical healthcare) for vulnerable populations experiencing mental health conditions, especially those living in underserved regions like rural Arizona.
Aim: This formative assessment aimed to understand the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of clients accessing integrated primary care (IPC) services implemented in 2021 at a community mental healthcare facility in rural Arizona and to explore the proportion of missed appointments. Additionally, we analysed the association between client characteristics and IPC missed appointments.
Methods: The authors collaborated with a community mental health facility in rural Arizona, which provided deidentified data from 280 clients who accessed IPC services from June 2021 to February 2022.
Results: Most clients were White and of vulnerable socioeconomic status, with a substantial proportion of Native Americans (23.58%). The majority of clients (55.75%) had a mental health disorder (MHD), 23.74% had a substance use disorder (SUD), and 15.10% had comorbid MHD and SUD. Linear regression revealed that experiencing comorbid MHD and SUD was significantly associated with missed appointments. Compared with White clients, Native Americans missed fewer appointments.
Conclusion: Future studies conducted from a culturally-centred perspective are crucial to guide strategies to reduce missed appointments in rural IPC services.
Aim: This formative assessment aimed to understand the sociodemographic and clinical characteristics of clients accessing integrated primary care (IPC) services implemented in 2021 at a community mental healthcare facility in rural Arizona and to explore the proportion of missed appointments. Additionally, we analysed the association between client characteristics and IPC missed appointments.
Methods: The authors collaborated with a community mental health facility in rural Arizona, which provided deidentified data from 280 clients who accessed IPC services from June 2021 to February 2022.
Results: Most clients were White and of vulnerable socioeconomic status, with a substantial proportion of Native Americans (23.58%). The majority of clients (55.75%) had a mental health disorder (MHD), 23.74% had a substance use disorder (SUD), and 15.10% had comorbid MHD and SUD. Linear regression revealed that experiencing comorbid MHD and SUD was significantly associated with missed appointments. Compared with White clients, Native Americans missed fewer appointments.
Conclusion: Future studies conducted from a culturally-centred perspective are crucial to guide strategies to reduce missed appointments in rural IPC services.
Cerino, Eric; Charles, Susan; Piazza, Jennifer; Rush, Jonathan; Looper, Ashley; Witzel, Dakota; Mogle, Jacqueline; Almeida, David
Preserving What Matters: Longitudinal Changes in Control Over Interpersonal Stress and Noninterpersonal Stress in Daily Life Journal Article
In: Journals of Gerontology: series b, vol. 79, no. 4, 2024.
@article{Cerino2024,
title = {Preserving What Matters: Longitudinal Changes in Control Over Interpersonal Stress and Noninterpersonal Stress in Daily Life},
author = {Eric Cerino and Susan Charles and Jennifer Piazza and Jonathan Rush and Ashley Looper and Dakota Witzel and Jacqueline Mogle and David Almeida},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1093/geronb/gbae012},
doi = {10.1093/geronb/gbae012},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-09},
journal = {Journals of Gerontology: series b},
volume = {79},
number = {4},
abstract = {Objectives
Theoretical perspectives on aging suggest that when people experience declines in later life, they often selectively focus on maintaining aspects of their lives that are most meaningful and important to them. The social domain is one of these selected areas. The current study examines people’s reports of control over their daily stressors over 10 years, predicting that the declines in control that are often observed in later life will not be observed for stressors involving interpersonal conflict and tensions with social partners.
Methods
Adults ranging from 35 to 86 years old at baseline (N = 1,940), from the National Study of Daily Experiences, reported control over interpersonal and noninterpersonal daily stressors across 8 consecutive days at 2 time points, about 10 years apart.
Results
Findings from multilevel models indicate that for noninterpersonal stressors, perceived control decreased over time. In contrast, perceived control over interpersonal conflicts and tensions remained robust over time. No cross-sectional baseline age differences were found for levels of interpersonal and noninterpersonal stressor control.
Discussion
Results are consistent with socioemotional selectivity and underscore the importance of interpersonal relationships in later adulthood. Understanding how people select and preserve certain aspects of control in their daily life can help guide efforts toward maximizing gains and minimizing losses in domains that matter most to people as they grow older.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objectives
Theoretical perspectives on aging suggest that when people experience declines in later life, they often selectively focus on maintaining aspects of their lives that are most meaningful and important to them. The social domain is one of these selected areas. The current study examines people’s reports of control over their daily stressors over 10 years, predicting that the declines in control that are often observed in later life will not be observed for stressors involving interpersonal conflict and tensions with social partners.
Methods
Adults ranging from 35 to 86 years old at baseline (N = 1,940), from the National Study of Daily Experiences, reported control over interpersonal and noninterpersonal daily stressors across 8 consecutive days at 2 time points, about 10 years apart.
Results
Findings from multilevel models indicate that for noninterpersonal stressors, perceived control decreased over time. In contrast, perceived control over interpersonal conflicts and tensions remained robust over time. No cross-sectional baseline age differences were found for levels of interpersonal and noninterpersonal stressor control.
Discussion
Results are consistent with socioemotional selectivity and underscore the importance of interpersonal relationships in later adulthood. Understanding how people select and preserve certain aspects of control in their daily life can help guide efforts toward maximizing gains and minimizing losses in domains that matter most to people as they grow older.
Theoretical perspectives on aging suggest that when people experience declines in later life, they often selectively focus on maintaining aspects of their lives that are most meaningful and important to them. The social domain is one of these selected areas. The current study examines people’s reports of control over their daily stressors over 10 years, predicting that the declines in control that are often observed in later life will not be observed for stressors involving interpersonal conflict and tensions with social partners.
Methods
Adults ranging from 35 to 86 years old at baseline (N = 1,940), from the National Study of Daily Experiences, reported control over interpersonal and noninterpersonal daily stressors across 8 consecutive days at 2 time points, about 10 years apart.
Results
Findings from multilevel models indicate that for noninterpersonal stressors, perceived control decreased over time. In contrast, perceived control over interpersonal conflicts and tensions remained robust over time. No cross-sectional baseline age differences were found for levels of interpersonal and noninterpersonal stressor control.
Discussion
Results are consistent with socioemotional selectivity and underscore the importance of interpersonal relationships in later adulthood. Understanding how people select and preserve certain aspects of control in their daily life can help guide efforts toward maximizing gains and minimizing losses in domains that matter most to people as they grow older.
Bowman, Thomas G.; Lininger, Monica; Oldham, Jessie; Smetana, Rachael; Kelshaw, Patricia; Beidler, Erica; Campbell, Thomas R.; Walton, Samuel R.; Munce, Thayne; Larson, Michael; Didehbani, Nyaz; Cullum, C. Munro; Rosenblum, Daniel; Cifu, David; Resch, Jacob
Physical activity and recovery following concussion in collegiate athletes: a LIMBIC MATARS Consortium Investigation Journal Article
In: Brain Injury, pp. 1-8, 2024.
@article{Bowman2024,
title = {Physical activity and recovery following concussion in collegiate athletes: a LIMBIC MATARS Consortium Investigation},
author = {Thomas G. Bowman and Monica Lininger and Jessie Oldham and Rachael Smetana and Patricia Kelshaw and Erica Beidler and Thomas R. Campbell and Samuel R. Walton and Thayne Munce and Michael Larson and Nyaz Didehbani and C. Munro Cullum and Daniel Rosenblum and David Cifu and Jacob Resch},
url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/02699052.2024.2310791},
doi = {10.1080/02699052.2024.2310791},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-07},
journal = {Brain Injury},
pages = {1-8},
abstract = {Objective
To investigate whether routine daily activities (RDA), non-prescribed exercise (Non-ERx), or prescribed exercise (ERx) were associated with recovery from sport-related concussion (SRC) in collegiate athletes.
Materials and Methods
Data for this cross-sectional, retrospective chart review of collegiate athletes diagnosed with SRC (n = 285[39.6% female], age = 19.5 ± 1.4 years) were collected during the 2015–16 to 2019–20 athletic seasons. The independent variable was group (RDA, Non-ERx, ERx). Dependent variables included days from date of diagnosis to symptom resolution (Dx-SR) and SR to return to sport (SR-RTS).
Results
Those in the Non-ERx group took nearly 1.3 times longer to achieve SR (IRR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.46) and, 1.8 times longer for RTS (IRR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.71) when compared to those in the RDA group. No other comparisons were significant.
Conclusion
Collegiate athletes in the Non-ERx group took approximately 1 week longer to achieve SR as compared to the RDA and ERx groups. Our findings suggest that if exercise is recommended following SRC, it must be clearly and specifically prescribed. If exercise parameters cannot be prescribed, or monitored, RDA appear to be similarly beneficial during recovery for collegiate athletes with concussion.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objective
To investigate whether routine daily activities (RDA), non-prescribed exercise (Non-ERx), or prescribed exercise (ERx) were associated with recovery from sport-related concussion (SRC) in collegiate athletes.
Materials and Methods
Data for this cross-sectional, retrospective chart review of collegiate athletes diagnosed with SRC (n = 285[39.6% female], age = 19.5 ± 1.4 years) were collected during the 2015–16 to 2019–20 athletic seasons. The independent variable was group (RDA, Non-ERx, ERx). Dependent variables included days from date of diagnosis to symptom resolution (Dx-SR) and SR to return to sport (SR-RTS).
Results
Those in the Non-ERx group took nearly 1.3 times longer to achieve SR (IRR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.46) and, 1.8 times longer for RTS (IRR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.71) when compared to those in the RDA group. No other comparisons were significant.
Conclusion
Collegiate athletes in the Non-ERx group took approximately 1 week longer to achieve SR as compared to the RDA and ERx groups. Our findings suggest that if exercise is recommended following SRC, it must be clearly and specifically prescribed. If exercise parameters cannot be prescribed, or monitored, RDA appear to be similarly beneficial during recovery for collegiate athletes with concussion.
To investigate whether routine daily activities (RDA), non-prescribed exercise (Non-ERx), or prescribed exercise (ERx) were associated with recovery from sport-related concussion (SRC) in collegiate athletes.
Materials and Methods
Data for this cross-sectional, retrospective chart review of collegiate athletes diagnosed with SRC (n = 285[39.6% female], age = 19.5 ± 1.4 years) were collected during the 2015–16 to 2019–20 athletic seasons. The independent variable was group (RDA, Non-ERx, ERx). Dependent variables included days from date of diagnosis to symptom resolution (Dx-SR) and SR to return to sport (SR-RTS).
Results
Those in the Non-ERx group took nearly 1.3 times longer to achieve SR (IRR = 1.28, 95% CI: 1.11, 1.46) and, 1.8 times longer for RTS (IRR = 1.82, 95% CI: 1.11, 2.71) when compared to those in the RDA group. No other comparisons were significant.
Conclusion
Collegiate athletes in the Non-ERx group took approximately 1 week longer to achieve SR as compared to the RDA and ERx groups. Our findings suggest that if exercise is recommended following SRC, it must be clearly and specifically prescribed. If exercise parameters cannot be prescribed, or monitored, RDA appear to be similarly beneficial during recovery for collegiate athletes with concussion.
Lindly, Olivia; Wahl, Taylor; Stotts, Noa; Shui, Amy
Adaptation of a health literacy screener for computerized, self-administered use by U.S. adults Journal Article
In: PEC Innovation, vol. 4, no. 100262, 2024.
@article{Lindly2024,
title = {Adaptation of a health literacy screener for computerized, self-administered use by U.S. adults},
author = {Olivia Lindly and Taylor Wahl and Noa Stotts and Amy Shui},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100262},
doi = {10.1016/j.pecinn.2024.100262},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-06},
journal = {PEC Innovation},
volume = {4},
number = {100262},
abstract = {Objective: Health literacy is a critical health determinant, for which few computerized, self-administered assessments exist. This study adapted and tested the reliability of the Newest Vital Sign© (NVS) as a computerized, self-administered health literacy screener.
Methods: Phase one involved 33 participants to create response options for a computerized, self-administered NVS (C-NVS). Phase two was a randomized crossover trial to test the consistency of C-NVS and original, interviewer-administered NVS (I-NVS) scores in 89 participants.
Results: Linear mixed-effects regression model results showed a significant carryover effect (p < .001). Crossover trial data from time 1 showed that participants who initially received the C-NVS had significantly higher average scores (M = 5.7, SD = 0.6) than participants who received the I-NVS (M = 4.5, SD = 1.5; t(87) = 5.25, p < .001). Exploratory analysis results showed that when the washout period was longer than 33 days (75th percentile) the carryover effect was not statistically significant (p = .077).
Conclusion and innovation: Findings suggest learning can occur when health literacy screeners are administered more than once in less than a month's time and computerized, self-administered health literacy screeners may produce ceiling effects. A universal precautions approach to health literacy therefore remains germane.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objective: Health literacy is a critical health determinant, for which few computerized, self-administered assessments exist. This study adapted and tested the reliability of the Newest Vital Sign© (NVS) as a computerized, self-administered health literacy screener.
Methods: Phase one involved 33 participants to create response options for a computerized, self-administered NVS (C-NVS). Phase two was a randomized crossover trial to test the consistency of C-NVS and original, interviewer-administered NVS (I-NVS) scores in 89 participants.
Results: Linear mixed-effects regression model results showed a significant carryover effect (p < .001). Crossover trial data from time 1 showed that participants who initially received the C-NVS had significantly higher average scores (M = 5.7, SD = 0.6) than participants who received the I-NVS (M = 4.5, SD = 1.5; t(87) = 5.25, p < .001). Exploratory analysis results showed that when the washout period was longer than 33 days (75th percentile) the carryover effect was not statistically significant (p = .077).
Conclusion and innovation: Findings suggest learning can occur when health literacy screeners are administered more than once in less than a month's time and computerized, self-administered health literacy screeners may produce ceiling effects. A universal precautions approach to health literacy therefore remains germane.
Methods: Phase one involved 33 participants to create response options for a computerized, self-administered NVS (C-NVS). Phase two was a randomized crossover trial to test the consistency of C-NVS and original, interviewer-administered NVS (I-NVS) scores in 89 participants.
Results: Linear mixed-effects regression model results showed a significant carryover effect (p < .001). Crossover trial data from time 1 showed that participants who initially received the C-NVS had significantly higher average scores (M = 5.7, SD = 0.6) than participants who received the I-NVS (M = 4.5, SD = 1.5; t(87) = 5.25, p < .001). Exploratory analysis results showed that when the washout period was longer than 33 days (75th percentile) the carryover effect was not statistically significant (p = .077).
Conclusion and innovation: Findings suggest learning can occur when health literacy screeners are administered more than once in less than a month's time and computerized, self-administered health literacy screeners may produce ceiling effects. A universal precautions approach to health literacy therefore remains germane.
McCarthy, Michael; Wicker, Alexandra; Roddy, Juliette; Remiker, Mark; Roy, Indrakshi; McCoy, Megan; Cerino, Eric; Baldwin, Julie
Feasibility and utility of mobile health interventions for depression and anxiety in rural populations: A scoping review Journal Article
In: Internet Interventions, vol. 35, no. 100724, 2024.
@article{McCarthy2024,
title = {Feasibility and utility of mobile health interventions for depression and anxiety in rural populations: A scoping review},
author = {Michael McCarthy and Alexandra Wicker and Juliette Roddy and Mark Remiker and Indrakshi Roy and Megan McCoy and Eric Cerino and Julie Baldwin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.invent.2024.100724},
doi = {10.1016/j.invent.2024.100724},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-03},
journal = {Internet Interventions},
volume = {35},
number = {100724},
abstract = {Despite the potential of mobile health (mHealth) to address high rates of depression and anxiety in underserved rural communities, most mHealth interventions do not explicitly consider the realities of rural life. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and examine the available literature on mHealth interventions that consider the needs of rural populations in order to gauge their feasibility and utility for addressing depression and anxiety. Additionally, we provide an overview of rural users' perceptions about and preferences for mHealth-delivered mental health screening and intervention systems. Out of 169 articles identified, 16 met inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted across a wide range of countries, age groups, and rural subpopulations including individuals with bipolar disorder, anxiety, perinatal depression, PTSD, and chronic pain, as well as refugees, veterans, and transgender and LGBTQ+ individuals. All interventions were in the feasibility/acceptability testing stage for rural users. Identified strengths included their simplicity, accessibility, convenience, availability of support between sessions with providers, and remote access to a care team. Weaknesses included problems with charging phone batteries and exceeding data limits, privacy concerns, and general lack of comfort with app-based support. Based upon this review, we provide recommendations for future mHealth intervention development including the value of developer-user coproduction methods, the need to consider user variation in access to and comfort with smartphones, and potential data or connectivity limitations, mental health stigma, and confidentiality concerns in rural communities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Despite the potential of mobile health (mHealth) to address high rates of depression and anxiety in underserved rural communities, most mHealth interventions do not explicitly consider the realities of rural life. The aim of this scoping review is to identify and examine the available literature on mHealth interventions that consider the needs of rural populations in order to gauge their feasibility and utility for addressing depression and anxiety. Additionally, we provide an overview of rural users' perceptions about and preferences for mHealth-delivered mental health screening and intervention systems. Out of 169 articles identified, 16 met inclusion criteria. Studies were conducted across a wide range of countries, age groups, and rural subpopulations including individuals with bipolar disorder, anxiety, perinatal depression, PTSD, and chronic pain, as well as refugees, veterans, and transgender and LGBTQ+ individuals. All interventions were in the feasibility/acceptability testing stage for rural users. Identified strengths included their simplicity, accessibility, convenience, availability of support between sessions with providers, and remote access to a care team. Weaknesses included problems with charging phone batteries and exceeding data limits, privacy concerns, and general lack of comfort with app-based support. Based upon this review, we provide recommendations for future mHealth intervention development including the value of developer-user coproduction methods, the need to consider user variation in access to and comfort with smartphones, and potential data or connectivity limitations, mental health stigma, and confidentiality concerns in rural communities.
Santos, Jeffersson; Acevedo-Morales, Amanda; Jones, Lillian; Bautista, Tara; Camplain, Carolyn; Keene, Chesleigh; Baldwin, Julie
Client perspectives on primary care integration in a rural-serving behavioral health center Journal Article
In: Journal of Integrative Care (Brighton), vol. 32, no. 1, pp. 31-44, 2024.
@article{Santos2024,
title = {Client perspectives on primary care integration in a rural-serving behavioral health center},
author = {Jeffersson Santos and Amanda Acevedo-Morales and Lillian Jones and Tara Bautista and Carolyn Camplain and Chesleigh Keene and Julie Baldwin},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1108/jica-08-2023-0061},
doi = {10.1108/jica-08-2023-0061},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-02-01},
journal = {Journal of Integrative Care (Brighton)},
volume = {32},
number = {1},
pages = {31-44},
abstract = {Purpose: Advancing behavioral health and primary care integration is a priority for helping clients overcome the complex health challenges impacting healthcare deserts like those in Arizona, United States of America (USA). This study aimed to explore the perspectives of people with a substance use disorder (SUD) on accessing integrated primary care (IPC) services in a rural-serving behavioral healthcare organization in Arizona.
Design/methodology/approach: Clients from a behavioral health facility in Arizona (n = 10) diagnosed with SUDs who also accessed IPC participated in a 45-min semi-structured interview.
Findings: The authors identified six overarching themes: (1) importance of IPC for clients being treated for SUDs, (2) client low level of awareness of IPC availability at the facility, (3) strategies to increase awareness of IPC availability at the behavioral health facility, (4) cultural practices providers should consider in care integration, (5) attitudes and perceptions about the experience of accessing IPC and (6) challenges to attending IPC appointments. The authors also identified subthemes for most of the main themes.
Originality/value: This is the first study in rural Arizona to identify valuable insights into the experiences of people with SUDs accessing IPC, providing a foundation for future research in the region on care integration.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Purpose: Advancing behavioral health and primary care integration is a priority for helping clients overcome the complex health challenges impacting healthcare deserts like those in Arizona, United States of America (USA). This study aimed to explore the perspectives of people with a substance use disorder (SUD) on accessing integrated primary care (IPC) services in a rural-serving behavioral healthcare organization in Arizona.
Design/methodology/approach: Clients from a behavioral health facility in Arizona (n = 10) diagnosed with SUDs who also accessed IPC participated in a 45-min semi-structured interview.
Findings: The authors identified six overarching themes: (1) importance of IPC for clients being treated for SUDs, (2) client low level of awareness of IPC availability at the facility, (3) strategies to increase awareness of IPC availability at the behavioral health facility, (4) cultural practices providers should consider in care integration, (5) attitudes and perceptions about the experience of accessing IPC and (6) challenges to attending IPC appointments. The authors also identified subthemes for most of the main themes.
Originality/value: This is the first study in rural Arizona to identify valuable insights into the experiences of people with SUDs accessing IPC, providing a foundation for future research in the region on care integration.
Design/methodology/approach: Clients from a behavioral health facility in Arizona (n = 10) diagnosed with SUDs who also accessed IPC participated in a 45-min semi-structured interview.
Findings: The authors identified six overarching themes: (1) importance of IPC for clients being treated for SUDs, (2) client low level of awareness of IPC availability at the facility, (3) strategies to increase awareness of IPC availability at the behavioral health facility, (4) cultural practices providers should consider in care integration, (5) attitudes and perceptions about the experience of accessing IPC and (6) challenges to attending IPC appointments. The authors also identified subthemes for most of the main themes.
Originality/value: This is the first study in rural Arizona to identify valuable insights into the experiences of people with SUDs accessing IPC, providing a foundation for future research in the region on care integration.
Mommaerts, Katherine; Camplain, Ricky; Sabo, Samantha; Lininger, Monica
Anxiety and Self-Esteem: A Qualitative Study with Female Mexican American Adolescents and Mental Health Therapists Journal Article
In: Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal, vol. 42, pp. 299-310, 2024.
@article{Mommaerts2024,
title = {Anxiety and Self-Esteem: A Qualitative Study with Female Mexican American Adolescents and Mental Health Therapists},
author = {Katherine Mommaerts and Ricky Camplain and Samantha Sabo and Monica Lininger},
url = { https://doi.org/10.1007/s10560-024-00959-y},
doi = {10.1007/s10560-024-00959-y},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-28},
journal = {Child and Adolescent Social Work Journal},
volume = {42},
pages = {299-310},
abstract = {This study explored the interplay between self-reported symptoms of anxiety and selfesteem from the perspectives of female Mexican American adolescents and mental health therapists living in Arizona. Sixteen adolescents completed a semi-structured interview and 17 mental health therapists participated in focus groups via Zoom from June 2021 through May 2022. Six main themes to describe the interplay between anxiety and self-esteem emerged: interplay between anxiety and self-esteem; influence of external factors, such as home, school, and peer relationships; strategies and resources to address mental health; perceptions of how one is viewed by others; social pressures and stress; navigating multiple cultural backgrounds and trends. This study concludes that while adolescents and mental health therapists collectively agree on the interplay of anxiety and self-esteem, there is a disconnect between the perspectives which is attributable to the various roles and expectations female Mexican American adolescents experience.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This study explored the interplay between self-reported symptoms of anxiety and selfesteem from the perspectives of female Mexican American adolescents and mental health therapists living in Arizona. Sixteen adolescents completed a semi-structured interview and 17 mental health therapists participated in focus groups via Zoom from June 2021 through May 2022. Six main themes to describe the interplay between anxiety and self-esteem emerged: interplay between anxiety and self-esteem; influence of external factors, such as home, school, and peer relationships; strategies and resources to address mental health; perceptions of how one is viewed by others; social pressures and stress; navigating multiple cultural backgrounds and trends. This study concludes that while adolescents and mental health therapists collectively agree on the interplay of anxiety and self-esteem, there is a disconnect between the perspectives which is attributable to the various roles and expectations female Mexican American adolescents experience.
Sans-Fuentes, Maria; Sierra, Lidia Azurdia; Cruz, Nina Santa; Rubio, Victoria; Lutrick, Karen; Hamm, Kathryn; Connick, Elizabeth; Shroff, Puneet; Billheimer, Dean; Sorensen, Ronald; Dinsmore, Alicia; Wolfersteig, Wendy; Ayers, Stephanie; Nikolich-Zugich, Janko; Doubeni, Chyke; Tilburt, Jon; Rosales, Cecilia; Moreno, Francisco; Derksen, Daniel; Oesterle, Sabrina; Sabo, Samantha; Parthasarathy, Sairam
Temporal Changes in Vaccine-Specific Willingness Across Race/Ethnicity Following Serious Adverse Event Reports Journal Article
In: American Journal of Public Health, vol. 114, no. S1, pp. 37-40, 2024.
@article{Sans-Fuentes2024,
title = {Temporal Changes in Vaccine-Specific Willingness Across Race/Ethnicity Following Serious Adverse Event Reports},
author = {Maria Sans-Fuentes and Lidia Azurdia Sierra and Nina Santa Cruz and Victoria Rubio and Karen Lutrick and Kathryn Hamm and Elizabeth Connick and Puneet Shroff and Dean Billheimer and Ronald Sorensen and Alicia Dinsmore and Wendy Wolfersteig and Stephanie Ayers and Janko Nikolich-Zugich and Chyke Doubeni and Jon Tilburt and Cecilia Rosales and Francisco Moreno and Daniel Derksen and Sabrina Oesterle and Samantha Sabo and Sairam Parthasarathy},
url = {https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10785178/},
doi = { 10.2105/AJPH.2023.307484},
year = {2024},
date = {2024-01-01},
journal = {American Journal of Public Health},
volume = {114},
number = {S1},
pages = {37-40},
abstract = {Vaccination for COVID-19 remains a major public health issue as the pandemic continues to cause hospitalizations and deaths across the world. As of September 2023, an estimated 1.14 million deaths in the United States and 6.95 million across the world are attributable to COVID-19. Despite such deaths, only 69.5% of the US population has completed the primary COVID-19 vaccine series, and only 17.0% of US adults have received the updated bivalent booster dose. There is strong scientific evidence for the public health benefit of the COVID-19 vaccination, which can be measured as averted cases, hospitalizations, and death, and continued vaccination is urgent. An improved understanding of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is vital to addressing the public health emergency and to reducing health disparities.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Vaccination for COVID-19 remains a major public health issue as the pandemic continues to cause hospitalizations and deaths across the world. As of September 2023, an estimated 1.14 million deaths in the United States and 6.95 million across the world are attributable to COVID-19. Despite such deaths, only 69.5% of the US population has completed the primary COVID-19 vaccine series, and only 17.0% of US adults have received the updated bivalent booster dose. There is strong scientific evidence for the public health benefit of the COVID-19 vaccination, which can be measured as averted cases, hospitalizations, and death, and continued vaccination is urgent. An improved understanding of COVID-19 vaccine hesitancy is vital to addressing the public health emergency and to reducing health disparities.
2023
Indrakshi, Roy; Karmarkar, Amol M; Lininger, Monica; Jain, Tarang; Martin, Brook; Kumar, Amit
In: Physical Therapy, vol. 103, no. 12, 2023.
@article{Indrakshi2023,
title = {Association Between Hospital Participation in Value-Based Programs and Timely Initiation of Post-Acute Home Health Care, Functional Recovery, and Hospital Readmission After Joint Replacement},
author = {Roy Indrakshi and Amol M Karmarkar and Monica Lininger and Tarang Jain and Brook Martin and Amit Kumar},
url = {https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10715680/},
doi = {10.1093/ptj/pzad123},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-06},
journal = {Physical Therapy},
volume = {103},
number = {12},
abstract = {Objectives: This study examined the association between hospital participation in Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) or Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) and the timely initiation of home health rehabilitation services for lower extremity joint replacements. Furthermore, this study examined the association between the timely initiation of home health rehabilitation services with improvement in self-care, mobility, and 90-day hospital readmission.
Method: This retrospective cohort study used Medicare inpatient claims and home health assessment data from 2016 to 2017 for older adults discharged to home with home health following hospitalization after joint replacement. Multilevel multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between hospital participation in BPCI or CJR programs and timely initiation of home health rehabilitation service. A 2-staged generalized boosted model was used to examine the association between delay in home health initiation and improvement in self-care, mobility, and 90-day risk-adjusted hospital readmission.
Results: Compared with patients discharged from hospitals that did not have BPCI or CJR, patients discharged from hospitals with these programs had a lower likelihood of delayed initiation of home health rehabilitation services for both knees and hip replacement. Using propensity scores as the inverse probability of treatment weights, delay in the initiation of home health rehabilitation services was associated with lower improvement in self-care (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.20-1.26), mobility (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.13-1.18), and higher rate of 90-day hospital readmission (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.15-1.24) for knee replacement. Likewise, delayed initiation of home health rehabilitation services was associated with lower improvement in self-care (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.13-1.20) and mobility (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.22-1.30) for hip replacement.
Conclusion: Hospital participation in BPCI or comprehensive CJR was associated with early home health rehabilitation care initiation, which was further associated with significant increases in functional recovery and lower risks of hospital readmission.
Impact: Policy makers may consider incentivizing health care providers to initiate early home health services and care coordination in value-based payment models.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Objectives: This study examined the association between hospital participation in Bundled Payments for Care Improvement (BPCI) or Comprehensive Care for Joint Replacement (CJR) and the timely initiation of home health rehabilitation services for lower extremity joint replacements. Furthermore, this study examined the association between the timely initiation of home health rehabilitation services with improvement in self-care, mobility, and 90-day hospital readmission.
Method: This retrospective cohort study used Medicare inpatient claims and home health assessment data from 2016 to 2017 for older adults discharged to home with home health following hospitalization after joint replacement. Multilevel multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between hospital participation in BPCI or CJR programs and timely initiation of home health rehabilitation service. A 2-staged generalized boosted model was used to examine the association between delay in home health initiation and improvement in self-care, mobility, and 90-day risk-adjusted hospital readmission.
Results: Compared with patients discharged from hospitals that did not have BPCI or CJR, patients discharged from hospitals with these programs had a lower likelihood of delayed initiation of home health rehabilitation services for both knees and hip replacement. Using propensity scores as the inverse probability of treatment weights, delay in the initiation of home health rehabilitation services was associated with lower improvement in self-care (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.20-1.26), mobility (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.13-1.18), and higher rate of 90-day hospital readmission (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.15-1.24) for knee replacement. Likewise, delayed initiation of home health rehabilitation services was associated with lower improvement in self-care (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.13-1.20) and mobility (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.22-1.30) for hip replacement.
Conclusion: Hospital participation in BPCI or comprehensive CJR was associated with early home health rehabilitation care initiation, which was further associated with significant increases in functional recovery and lower risks of hospital readmission.
Impact: Policy makers may consider incentivizing health care providers to initiate early home health services and care coordination in value-based payment models.
Method: This retrospective cohort study used Medicare inpatient claims and home health assessment data from 2016 to 2017 for older adults discharged to home with home health following hospitalization after joint replacement. Multilevel multivariate logistic regression was used to examine the association between hospital participation in BPCI or CJR programs and timely initiation of home health rehabilitation service. A 2-staged generalized boosted model was used to examine the association between delay in home health initiation and improvement in self-care, mobility, and 90-day risk-adjusted hospital readmission.
Results: Compared with patients discharged from hospitals that did not have BPCI or CJR, patients discharged from hospitals with these programs had a lower likelihood of delayed initiation of home health rehabilitation services for both knees and hip replacement. Using propensity scores as the inverse probability of treatment weights, delay in the initiation of home health rehabilitation services was associated with lower improvement in self-care (odds ratio [OR] = 1.23; 95% CI = 1.20-1.26), mobility (OR = 1.15; 95% CI = 1.13-1.18), and higher rate of 90-day hospital readmission (OR = 1.19; 95% CI = 1.15-1.24) for knee replacement. Likewise, delayed initiation of home health rehabilitation services was associated with lower improvement in self-care (OR = 1.16; 95% CI = 1.13-1.20) and mobility (OR = 1.26; 95% CI = 1.22-1.30) for hip replacement.
Conclusion: Hospital participation in BPCI or comprehensive CJR was associated with early home health rehabilitation care initiation, which was further associated with significant increases in functional recovery and lower risks of hospital readmission.
Impact: Policy makers may consider incentivizing health care providers to initiate early home health services and care coordination in value-based payment models.
Mommaerts, Katherine; Camplain, Ricky; Sabo, Samantha; Lininger, Monica
Mexican American adolescents and generalized anxiety disorder: a narrative review Journal Article
In: Current Psychology, vol. 43, pp. 15091-15101, 2023.
@article{Mommaerts2023,
title = {Mexican American adolescents and generalized anxiety disorder: a narrative review},
author = {Katherine Mommaerts and Ricky Camplain and Samantha Sabo and Monica Lininger},
url = {https://link.springer.com/article/10.1007/s12144-023-05485-1},
doi = {10.1007/s12144-023-05485-1},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-12-01},
journal = {Current Psychology},
volume = {43},
pages = {15091-15101},
abstract = {Mexican American adolescents have a higher risk for experiencing a mental health disorder, specifically generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), compared to their non-Mexican American peers. This comprehensive narrative review examined the unique factors contributing to the manifestation of GAD among Mexican American adolescents living in the United States. The socio-ecological model (SEM) was utilized to explore bibliographic material pertaining to the various factors that influence GAD in Mexican American adolescents. Factors contributing to the manifestation of GAD were present at all multifaceted levels of the SEM. This research adds to the limited, yet growing, knowledge of GAD among Mexican American adolescents and the importance of culture, family cohesion and involvement, and the educational setting in fostering healthy development for this population.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Mexican American adolescents have a higher risk for experiencing a mental health disorder, specifically generalized anxiety disorder (GAD), compared to their non-Mexican American peers. This comprehensive narrative review examined the unique factors contributing to the manifestation of GAD among Mexican American adolescents living in the United States. The socio-ecological model (SEM) was utilized to explore bibliographic material pertaining to the various factors that influence GAD in Mexican American adolescents. Factors contributing to the manifestation of GAD were present at all multifaceted levels of the SEM. This research adds to the limited, yet growing, knowledge of GAD among Mexican American adolescents and the importance of culture, family cohesion and involvement, and the educational setting in fostering healthy development for this population.
Dreifuss, Heather M; Yuan, Nicole P; Carroll, Stephanie Russo; Bauer, Mark C; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette
Utilizing Digital Storytelling to Develop a Public Health Professions Pathway for Native American High School Students Journal Article
In: Health Promotion Practice, vol. 24, no. 6, 2023.
@article{Dreifuss2023,
title = {Utilizing Digital Storytelling to Develop a Public Health Professions Pathway for Native American High School Students},
author = {Heather M Dreifuss and Nicole P Yuan and Stephanie Russo Carroll and Mark C Bauer and Nicolette Teufel-Shone},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1177/15248399221135586},
doi = {10.1177/15248399221135586},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-11-01},
journal = {Health Promotion Practice},
volume = {24},
number = {6},
abstract = {Digital storytelling is a decentering methodology in health promotion that positions the storyteller as an expert to create a narrative of their lived experiences. This article describes using a two-phase digital storytelling process within the Diné (Navajo) Educational Philosophy framework to guide the development of a culturally grounded curriculum plan that actively engages Diné youth in exploring health professions pathways in their community. The first phase consisted of developing a high school digital storytelling team by training three Diné youth attending high school on the Navajo Nation located in southwest United States, in digital storytelling. In the second phase, the high school digital storytelling team worked collaboratively with seven Diné students enrolled at the local tribal college to develop digital stories about navigating from high school to college. Data from seven completed digital stories were analyzed with assistance from a community advisory board to identify asset-based themes that contributed to positively transitioning from high school to a tribal college. The results revealed several strategies for successful transitions from high school to a public health college major. The culturally relevant strategies and stories were incorporated into a school-based health professions pathway curriculum plan for Diné youth.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Digital storytelling is a decentering methodology in health promotion that positions the storyteller as an expert to create a narrative of their lived experiences. This article describes using a two-phase digital storytelling process within the Diné (Navajo) Educational Philosophy framework to guide the development of a culturally grounded curriculum plan that actively engages Diné youth in exploring health professions pathways in their community. The first phase consisted of developing a high school digital storytelling team by training three Diné youth attending high school on the Navajo Nation located in southwest United States, in digital storytelling. In the second phase, the high school digital storytelling team worked collaboratively with seven Diné students enrolled at the local tribal college to develop digital stories about navigating from high school to college. Data from seven completed digital stories were analyzed with assistance from a community advisory board to identify asset-based themes that contributed to positively transitioning from high school to a tribal college. The results revealed several strategies for successful transitions from high school to a public health college major. The culturally relevant strategies and stories were incorporated into a school-based health professions pathway curriculum plan for Diné youth.
Lee, Naomi R; King, Alexandra; Vigil, Deionna; Mullaney, Dustin; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Ametepee, Taiwo; Hammitt, Laura L
Infectious diseases in Indigenous populations in North America: learning from the past to create a more equitable future Journal Article
In: The Lancet Infectious Diseases, vol. 23, no. 10, pp. 431-444, 2023.
@article{Lee2023,
title = {Infectious diseases in Indigenous populations in North America: learning from the past to create a more equitable future},
author = {Naomi R Lee and Alexandra King and Deionna Vigil and Dustin Mullaney and Priscilla R Sanderson and Taiwo Ametepee and Laura L Hammitt},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/ S1473-3099(23)00190-1},
doi = {10.1016/ S1473-3099(23)00190-1},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-10-01},
journal = {The Lancet Infectious Diseases},
volume = {23},
number = {10},
pages = {431-444},
abstract = {The COVID-19 pandemic, although a profound reminder of endured injustices by and the disparate impact of infectious diseases on Indigenous populations, has also served as an example of Indigenous strength and the ability to thrive anew. Many infectious diseases share common risk factors that are directly tied to the ongoing effects of colonisation. We provide historical context and case studies that illustrate both challenges and successes related to infectious disease mitigation in Indigenous populations in the USA and Canada. Infectious disease disparities, driven by persistent inequities in socioeconomic determinants of health, underscore the urgent need for action. We call on governments, public health leaders, industry representatives, and researchers to reject harmful research practices and to adopt a framework for achieving sustainable improvements in the health of Indigenous people that is both adequately resourced and grounded in respect for tribal sovereignty and Indigenous knowledge.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
The COVID-19 pandemic, although a profound reminder of endured injustices by and the disparate impact of infectious diseases on Indigenous populations, has also served as an example of Indigenous strength and the ability to thrive anew. Many infectious diseases share common risk factors that are directly tied to the ongoing effects of colonisation. We provide historical context and case studies that illustrate both challenges and successes related to infectious disease mitigation in Indigenous populations in the USA and Canada. Infectious disease disparities, driven by persistent inequities in socioeconomic determinants of health, underscore the urgent need for action. We call on governments, public health leaders, industry representatives, and researchers to reject harmful research practices and to adopt a framework for achieving sustainable improvements in the health of Indigenous people that is both adequately resourced and grounded in respect for tribal sovereignty and Indigenous knowledge.
de Heer, Brooke; Lipschutz, Sirene; Shevat, Sydney
In: Journal of Gender Studies, vol. 33, no. 7, 2023.
@article{deHeer2023,
title = {“I was just so confused, like does this even count as sexual assault?”: understanding LGBTQA+ sexual victimization, help-seeking, and mental health outcomes},
author = {Brooke de Heer and Sirene Lipschutz and Sydney Shevat},
doi = {10.1080/09589236.2023.2260323},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-09-21},
journal = {Journal of Gender Studies},
volume = {33},
number = {7},
abstract = {Most research on sexual victimization centres on cisgender, heterosexual experiences and pushes LGBTQA+ experiences to the margins. The current study focuses on queer experiences of sexual victimization and subsequent help-seeking behaviours and mental health outcomes. Fifteen in-depth interviews with queer identifying individuals who experienced sexual violence were conducted and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. A total of 32 incidents of sexual violence were discussed across the 15 participants. Findings indicate that negative disclosure responses from others, as well as normalizing and rationalizing experiences of sexual violence, are detrimental to help-seeking behaviour. Incidents that involved sexually minoritized women and heterosexual men were met with more positive disclosure responses than incidents that occurred between two sexually minoritized women. Additionally, lesbians experienced more supportive reactions to disclosure than bisexual and queer women. Mental health professionals who were knowledgeable and experienced in both trauma and LGBTQA+ related issues had the most impact on improved health and well-being for queer survivors of sexual violence.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Most research on sexual victimization centres on cisgender, heterosexual experiences and pushes LGBTQA+ experiences to the margins. The current study focuses on queer experiences of sexual victimization and subsequent help-seeking behaviours and mental health outcomes. Fifteen in-depth interviews with queer identifying individuals who experienced sexual violence were conducted and analysed using a thematic analysis approach. A total of 32 incidents of sexual violence were discussed across the 15 participants. Findings indicate that negative disclosure responses from others, as well as normalizing and rationalizing experiences of sexual violence, are detrimental to help-seeking behaviour. Incidents that involved sexually minoritized women and heterosexual men were met with more positive disclosure responses than incidents that occurred between two sexually minoritized women. Additionally, lesbians experienced more supportive reactions to disclosure than bisexual and queer women. Mental health professionals who were knowledgeable and experienced in both trauma and LGBTQA+ related issues had the most impact on improved health and well-being for queer survivors of sexual violence.
Baldwin, Julie; Alvarado, Angelica; Jarratt-Snider, Karen; Hunter, Amanda; Keene, Chesleigh; Castagno, Angelina; Ali-Joseph, Alisse; Roddy, Juliette; Jr, Manley A. Begay; Joseph, Darold H.; Goldtooth, Carol; Camplain, Carolyn; Smith, Melinda; McCue, Kelly; Begay, Andria B.; Teufel-Shone, Nicolette I.
Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Multi-Method Study Journal Article
In: JMIR Publications, 2023.
@article{Baldwin2023,
title = {Understanding Resilience and Mental Wellbeing in Southwest Indigenous Nations and the Impact of COVID-19: Protocol for a Multi-Method Study},
author = {Julie Baldwin and Angelica Alvarado and Karen Jarratt-Snider and Amanda Hunter and Chesleigh Keene and Angelina Castagno and Alisse Ali-Joseph and Juliette Roddy and Manley A. Begay Jr and Darold H. Joseph and Carol Goldtooth and Carolyn Camplain and Melinda Smith and Kelly McCue and Andria B. Begay and Nicolette I. Teufel-Shone},
url = {https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/37205637/},
doi = {10.2196/44727},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-07-13},
journal = {JMIR Publications},
abstract = {Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building.
The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts.
Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona.
This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Despite experiencing many adversities, American Indians/Alaska Natives (AI/ANs) have demonstrated tremendous resilience during the COVID-19 pandemic, drawing upon Indigenous determinants of health (IDOH) and Indigenous Nation-Building.
The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts.
Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona.
This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A
The number of participants enrolled in this study was 105 adults, with a total of 92 individuals interviewed and 13 individuals engaged in four talking circles. Due to time constraints, the team elected to host talking circles with only one nation, with participants ranging from 2-6 in each group. Currently, we are in the process of conducting a qualitative analysis of the transcribed narratives from the interviews, talking circles, and executive orders. These processes and outcomes will be described in future manuscripts.
Our multidisciplinary team undertook this study to achieve two aims: 1) to determine the role of IDOH in tribal government policy and action that support Indigenous mental health and wellbeing, and in turn, resilience during the COVID-19 crisis; and 2) to document the impact of IDOH on Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience of four specific community groups, including first responders, educators, traditional knowledge holders and practitioners, and the substance abuse recovery community, living and/or working in or near three Native nations in Arizona.
This community-engaged study lays the groundwork for future studies addressing Indigenous mental health, wellbeing, and resilience. Findings from this study will be shared through presentations and publications to larger Indigenous and non-Indigenous audiences; local recovery groups, treatment centers, and individuals in recovery; K-12 and higher education educators and administrators; directors of first responder agencies; traditional medicine practitioners; and elected community leaders. The findings will also be used to produce wellbeing and resilience education materials, such as print and digital toolkits, in-service training sessions, and future recommendations for stakeholder organizations. Clinical Trial: N/A
Castagno, Angelina E.; Ingram, Jani C.; Camplain, Ricky
In: International Journal of Science Education, vol. 45, no. 2, pp. 106-124, 2023.
@article{Castagno2023b,
title = {Opening up STEMM pathways among Indigenous people in the U.S.: what is the role of cultural, spiritual, and ethical conflicts in Indigenous people's STEMM educational and career decisions?},
author = {Angelina E. Castagno and Jani C. Ingram and Ricky Camplain},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1080/09500693.2022.2152293},
doi = {10.1080/09500693.2022.2152293},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-06-07},
journal = {International Journal of Science Education},
volume = {45},
number = {2},
pages = {106-124},
abstract = {This paper explores how the educational and career paths of Indigenous people in STEMM have been impacted by ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues. Based on a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM fields, plus over 30 follow-up interviews, we find that these issues cause some Indigenous people to leave particular fields altogether, others to avoid certain tasks within their chosen field, and still others to intentionally select particular fields.
Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This paper explores how the educational and career paths of Indigenous people in STEMM have been impacted by ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues. Based on a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM fields, plus over 30 follow-up interviews, we find that these issues cause some Indigenous people to leave particular fields altogether, others to avoid certain tasks within their chosen field, and still others to intentionally select particular fields.
Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields.
Ethical, cultural, and/or spiritual issues also are the reason some Indigenous people choose certain career paths, because of their desire to help their communities. By understanding these pathway impacts, STEMM leaders and educators can ensure more equitable pathways and can prepare, recruit, and retain Indigenous people in STEMM fields.
Curley, Caleigh; Eddie, Regina; Tallis, Kristen; Lane, Taylor S; Yazzie, Del; Sanderson, Priscilla R; Lorts, Cori; Shin, Sonya; Behrens, Timothy K; George, Carmen; Antone-Nez, Ramona; Ashley, Christine; de Heer, Hendrik D
The Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act: Community Support of a 2% Tax on Unhealthy Foods Journal Article
In: Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP, vol. 29(5), no. 00, pp. 622-632, 2023.
@article{Curley2023,
title = {The Navajo Nation Healthy Diné Nation Act: Community Support of a 2% Tax on Unhealthy Foods},
author = {Caleigh Curley and Regina Eddie and Kristen Tallis and Taylor S Lane and Del Yazzie and Priscilla R Sanderson and Cori Lorts and Sonya Shin and Timothy K Behrens and Carmen George and Ramona Antone-Nez and Christine Ashley and Hendrik D de Heer},
url = {https://journals.lww.com/jphmp/fulltext/2023/09000/the_navajo_nation_healthy_din__nation_act_.4.aspx},
doi = {10.1097/PHH.0000000000001753},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-05-23},
journal = {Journal of Public Health Management and Practice: JPHMP},
volume = {29(5)},
number = {00},
pages = {622-632},
abstract = {Context: The Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014 included a 2% tax on foods of little-to-no-nutritious value (“junk foods”) on the Navajo Nation. The law was the first ever in the United States and any Indigenous nation worldwide with a population at a high risk for common nutrition-related conditions. To date, research on community support for food tax legislation among Indigenous nations is entirely lacking.
Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had …},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Context: The Healthy Diné Nation Act (HDNA) of 2014 included a 2% tax on foods of little-to-no-nutritious value (“junk foods”) on the Navajo Nation. The law was the first ever in the United States and any Indigenous nation worldwide with a population at a high risk for common nutrition-related conditions. To date, research on community support for food tax legislation among Indigenous nations is entirely lacking.
Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had …
Objective: To assess the extent of support for the HDNA and factors associated with support including sociodemographic variables, knowledge of the HDNA, nutrition intake, and pricing preferences. Design: Cross-sectional survey.
Setting: The Navajo Nation. Participants: A total of 234 Navajo Nation community members across 21 communities. Outcome Measures: The percentage of participants who were supportive of the HDNA. Results: Participants were 97% Navajo, on average middle-aged, 67% reported an income below $25000 annually, and 69.7% were female. Half of the respondents said they “support”(37.4%) or “strongly support”(13.0%) the tax, while another 35% of people said they were neutral or somewhat supportive; 15% did not support the tax. Participants with higher income (P=. 025) and education (P=. 026) and understanding of the legislation (P<. 001 for “very well” vs “not at all”) had increased odds of greater support, as did people who believed that the HDNA would make Navajo people healthier (vs not, P<. 001). Age, gender, language, and reported nutrition intake (healthy or unhealthy) were not associated with HDNA support, but participants willing to pay 5% or 12%-15% higher prices for fast food and soda had …
Karmarkar, Amol M.; Roy, Indrakshi; Rivera-Hernandez, Maricruz; Shaibi, Stefany; Baldwin, Julie A.; Lane, Taylor; Kean, Jacob; Kumar, Amit
In: Alzheimer's & Dementia, vol. 19, no. 9, pp. 4037-4045, 2023.
@article{Karmarkar2023b,
title = {Examining the role of race and quality of home health agencies in delayed initiation of home health services for individuals with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD)},
author = {Amol M. Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Maricruz Rivera-Hernandez and Stefany Shaibi and Julie A. Baldwin and Taylor Lane and Jacob Kean and Amit Kumar},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1002/alz.13139},
doi = {10.1002/alz.13139},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-05-19},
journal = {Alzheimer's & Dementia},
volume = {19},
number = {9},
pages = {4037-4045},
abstract = {INTRODUCTION
We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).
METHODS
Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge.
RESULTS
Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA.
DISCUSSION
Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
INTRODUCTION
We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).
METHODS
Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge.
RESULTS
Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA.
DISCUSSION
Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients.
We examined differences in the timeliness of the initiation of home health care by race and the quality of home health agencies (HHA) among patients with Alzheimer's disease and related dementias (ADRD).
METHODS
Medicare claims and home health assessment data were used for the study cohort: individuals aged ≥65 years with ADRD, and discharged from the hospital. Home health latency was defined as patients receiving home health care after 2 days following hospital discharge.
RESULTS
Of 251,887 patients with ADRD, 57% received home health within 2 days following hospital discharge. Black patients were significantly more likely to experience home health latency (odds ratio [OR] = 1.15, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.11–1.19) compared to White patients. Home health latency was significantly higher for Black patients in low-rating HHA (OR = 1.29, 95% CI = 1.22–1.37) compared to White patients in high-rating HHA.
DISCUSSION
Black patients are more likely to experience a delay in home health care initiation than White patients.
Karmarkar, Amol M; Roy, Indrakshi; Lane, Taylor; Shaibi, Stefany; Baldwin, Julie A; Kumar, Amit
Home health services for minorities in urban and rural areas with Alzheimer's and related dementia Journal Article
In: Home Health Care Service Quarterly, pp. 1-17, 2023.
@article{Karmarkar2023,
title = {Home health services for minorities in urban and rural areas with Alzheimer's and related dementia},
author = {Amol M Karmarkar and Indrakshi Roy and Taylor Lane and Stefany Shaibi and Julie A Baldwin and Amit Kumar},
url = {https://www.tandfonline.com/doi/abs/10.1080/01621424.2023.2206368?journalCode=whhc20},
doi = {10.1080/01621424.2023.2206368},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-27},
journal = {Home Health Care Service Quarterly},
pages = {1-17},
abstract = {Timely access and continuum of care in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is critical. This is a retrospective study on Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with ADRD diagnosis discharged to home with home health care following an episode of acute hospitalization. Our sample included 262,525 patients. White patients in rural areas have significantly higher odds of delay (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). Black patients in urban areas (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.19) and Hispanic patients in urban areas also were more likely to have a delay (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11). Black and Hispanic patients residing in urban areas had a higher likelihood of delay in home healthcare initiation following hospitalization compared to Whites residing in urban areas.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Timely access and continuum of care in older adults with Alzheimer's Disease and Related Dementia (ADRD) is critical. This is a retrospective study on Medicare fee-for-service beneficiaries with ADRD diagnosis discharged to home with home health care following an episode of acute hospitalization. Our sample included 262,525 patients. White patients in rural areas have significantly higher odds of delay (odds ratio [OR], 1.03; 95% CI, 1.01-1.06). Black patients in urban areas (OR, 1.15; 95% CI, 1.12-1.19) and Hispanic patients in urban areas also were more likely to have a delay (OR, 1.07; 95% CI, 1.03-1.11). Black and Hispanic patients residing in urban areas had a higher likelihood of delay in home healthcare initiation following hospitalization compared to Whites residing in urban areas.
Oi, Katsuya; Pollitt, Amanda M
The roles of non-heterosexuality outside of identity and gender non-conformity in Allostatic Load among young adults Journal Article
In: SSM Population Health, vol. 22, 2023.
@article{Oi2023,
title = {The roles of non-heterosexuality outside of identity and gender non-conformity in Allostatic Load among young adults},
author = {Katsuya Oi and Amanda M Pollitt},
url = {https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S2352827323000654?via%3Dihub},
doi = {10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101400},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-07},
journal = {SSM Population Health},
volume = {22},
abstract = {Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contrasted levels of Allostatic Load at the baseline and change observed between the age 20s and 30s, among self-identified Lesbians/Gays/Bisexuals and heterosexuals with non-heterosexual attraction/behavior (discordant heterosexuals), against heterosexuals without (concordant heterosexuals). In addition, the study tested if Allostatic Load differs for each of the sexual orientation group differs jointly or independently of gender non-conformity. The study found no Allostatic Load elevation for self-identified non-heterosexual men and women.
For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Using the National Longitudinal Study of Adolescent to Adult Health, this study contrasted levels of Allostatic Load at the baseline and change observed between the age 20s and 30s, among self-identified Lesbians/Gays/Bisexuals and heterosexuals with non-heterosexual attraction/behavior (discordant heterosexuals), against heterosexuals without (concordant heterosexuals). In addition, the study tested if Allostatic Load differs for each of the sexual orientation group differs jointly or independently of gender non-conformity. The study found no Allostatic Load elevation for self-identified non-heterosexual men and women.
For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity.
For women only, a significantly greater elevation of Allostatic Load is observed among discordant heterosexuals. Independently, Allostatic Load is found higher for females appearing more androgynous. The findings suggest expanding the current scope of sexual minority research to consider the relevance of minority stress to those without a LGB identity, who may be exposed to stress from disparate sources related to their gender identity.
Anastario, Michael; Rink, Elizabeth; Firemoon, Paula; Carnegie, Nicole; Johnson, Olivia; Peterson, Malory; Rodriguez, Ana Maria
In: Springer Nature, 2023.
@article{Anastario2023,
title = {Evidence of secular trends during the COVID-19 pandemic in a stepped wedge cluster randomized trial examining sexual and reproductive health outcomes among Indigenous youth},
author = {Michael Anastario and Elizabeth Rink and Paula Firemoon and Nicole Carnegie and Olivia Johnson and Malory Peterson and Ana Maria Rodriguez},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-023-07223-1},
doi = {10.1186/s13063-023-07223-1},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-04-01},
journal = {Springer Nature},
abstract = {Background
Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo (“We Are Here Now,” or NE) is an intervention to prevent STIs, HIV, HCV, and teen pregnancy among Assiniboine and Sioux youth of the Fort Peck Reservation in the state of Montana in the USA. A cluster-randomized stepped-wedge design (SWD) trial is used to evaluate NE, where clusters are schools. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether there is evidence of a secular trend associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
The original study design is a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge design (SWD), in which five schools that youth from Fort Peck attend are the clusters to be randomized into the intervention one at a time, with all schools eventually being randomized to the intervention across three steps. N/E is a 5-year study involving 456 15- to 18-year-old youth. For this study, we use a mixed quantitative and qualitative methods approach to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic may have been associated with the study’s primary outcome variables. Data were drawn from the first cluster exposed to the intervention and one control cluster that did not yet receive the intervention during the period in which COVID-19 mitigation efforts were being implemented. A pre-post COVID questionnaire was added to core measures administered, and semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with youths regarding their perceptions of how the pandemic altered their sexual behaviors.
Results
One hundred eighteen youth responded to the questionnaire and 31 youth participated in semistructured qualitative interviews. Youth reporting having sex with less people due to COVID-19 reported more sex acts (incident rate ratio (IRR)=3.6, 95% CI 1.6–8.1) in comparison to those who did not report having sex with less people, and youth who reported having sex with the same amount of people due to COVID-19 reported less sex acts (IRR=0.31, 95% CI 0.14–0.7) in comparison to those who did not report having sex with the same amount of people. Youth reporting having sex less times due to COVID-19 experienced a greater number of sex acts in comparison to those who did not report having sex less times (IRR=2.7, 1.2–6.4). Results suggest that more sexually active individuals reported perceiving having sex with less people and less frequent engagement in sex during the pandemic. It is possible that the COVID-19 pandemic period was associated with a truncation in the distribution of sexual activity that would bias an estimate of the intervention’s effect.
Conclusion
Findings suggest evidence of a secular trend. This trend must be accounted for at trial end, and sensitivity analyses are recommended. Documenting and reporting on these findings encourages transparent reporting during the implementation of a SWD trial during a global pandemic, and informs endline analyses.
Trial registration
This trial is registered with the Clinical trials registry of the US National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It was registered on October 1, 2018. The study presented in this manuscript is funded by NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), Award # R01MD012761-01, Elizabeth Rink (Principal Investigator). The study’s ClinicalTrials.gov number is NCT03694418.
},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Background
Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo (“We Are Here Now,” or NE) is an intervention to prevent STIs, HIV, HCV, and teen pregnancy among Assiniboine and Sioux youth of the Fort Peck Reservation in the state of Montana in the USA. A cluster-randomized stepped-wedge design (SWD) trial is used to evaluate NE, where clusters are schools. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether there is evidence of a secular trend associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
The original study design is a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge design (SWD), in which five schools that youth from Fort Peck attend are the clusters to be randomized into the intervention one at a time, with all schools eventually being randomized to the intervention across three steps. N/E is a 5-year study involving 456 15- to 18-year-old youth. For this study, we use a mixed quantitative and qualitative methods approach to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic may have been associated with the study’s primary outcome variables. Data were drawn from the first cluster exposed to the intervention and one control cluster that did not yet receive the intervention during the period in which COVID-19 mitigation efforts were being implemented. A pre-post COVID questionnaire was added to core measures administered, and semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with youths regarding their perceptions of how the pandemic altered their sexual behaviors.
Results
One hundred eighteen youth responded to the questionnaire and 31 youth participated in semistructured qualitative interviews. Youth reporting having sex with less people due to COVID-19 reported more sex acts (incident rate ratio (IRR)=3.6, 95% CI 1.6–8.1) in comparison to those who did not report having sex with less people, and youth who reported having sex with the same amount of people due to COVID-19 reported less sex acts (IRR=0.31, 95% CI 0.14–0.7) in comparison to those who did not report having sex with the same amount of people. Youth reporting having sex less times due to COVID-19 experienced a greater number of sex acts in comparison to those who did not report having sex less times (IRR=2.7, 1.2–6.4). Results suggest that more sexually active individuals reported perceiving having sex with less people and less frequent engagement in sex during the pandemic. It is possible that the COVID-19 pandemic period was associated with a truncation in the distribution of sexual activity that would bias an estimate of the intervention’s effect.
Conclusion
Findings suggest evidence of a secular trend. This trend must be accounted for at trial end, and sensitivity analyses are recommended. Documenting and reporting on these findings encourages transparent reporting during the implementation of a SWD trial during a global pandemic, and informs endline analyses.
Trial registration
This trial is registered with the Clinical trials registry of the US National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It was registered on October 1, 2018. The study presented in this manuscript is funded by NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), Award # R01MD012761-01, Elizabeth Rink (Principal Investigator). The study’s ClinicalTrials.gov number is NCT03694418.
Nen ŨnkUmbi/EdaHiYedo (“We Are Here Now,” or NE) is an intervention to prevent STIs, HIV, HCV, and teen pregnancy among Assiniboine and Sioux youth of the Fort Peck Reservation in the state of Montana in the USA. A cluster-randomized stepped-wedge design (SWD) trial is used to evaluate NE, where clusters are schools. The purpose of this study is to evaluate whether there is evidence of a secular trend associated with the COVID-19 pandemic.
Methods
The original study design is a cluster-randomized stepped-wedge design (SWD), in which five schools that youth from Fort Peck attend are the clusters to be randomized into the intervention one at a time, with all schools eventually being randomized to the intervention across three steps. N/E is a 5-year study involving 456 15- to 18-year-old youth. For this study, we use a mixed quantitative and qualitative methods approach to understand how the COVID-19 pandemic may have been associated with the study’s primary outcome variables. Data were drawn from the first cluster exposed to the intervention and one control cluster that did not yet receive the intervention during the period in which COVID-19 mitigation efforts were being implemented. A pre-post COVID questionnaire was added to core measures administered, and semistructured qualitative interviews were conducted with youths regarding their perceptions of how the pandemic altered their sexual behaviors.
Results
One hundred eighteen youth responded to the questionnaire and 31 youth participated in semistructured qualitative interviews. Youth reporting having sex with less people due to COVID-19 reported more sex acts (incident rate ratio (IRR)=3.6, 95% CI 1.6–8.1) in comparison to those who did not report having sex with less people, and youth who reported having sex with the same amount of people due to COVID-19 reported less sex acts (IRR=0.31, 95% CI 0.14–0.7) in comparison to those who did not report having sex with the same amount of people. Youth reporting having sex less times due to COVID-19 experienced a greater number of sex acts in comparison to those who did not report having sex less times (IRR=2.7, 1.2–6.4). Results suggest that more sexually active individuals reported perceiving having sex with less people and less frequent engagement in sex during the pandemic. It is possible that the COVID-19 pandemic period was associated with a truncation in the distribution of sexual activity that would bias an estimate of the intervention’s effect.
Conclusion
Findings suggest evidence of a secular trend. This trend must be accounted for at trial end, and sensitivity analyses are recommended. Documenting and reporting on these findings encourages transparent reporting during the implementation of a SWD trial during a global pandemic, and informs endline analyses.
Trial registration
This trial is registered with the Clinical trials registry of the US National Library of Medicine at the National Institutes of Health (NIH). It was registered on October 1, 2018. The study presented in this manuscript is funded by NIH National Institute on Minority Health and Health Disparities (NIMHD), Award # R01MD012761-01, Elizabeth Rink (Principal Investigator). The study’s ClinicalTrials.gov number is NCT03694418.
Castagno, Angelina E.; Camplain, Ricky; Ingram, Jani C.; Blackhorse, Davona
“It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM Journal Article
In: Science Education, vol. 107, no. 4, pp. 837-852, 2023.
@article{Castagno2023bb,
title = {“It hurts to do work like that”: The nature and frequency of culturally based ethical barriers for Indigenous people in STEMM},
author = {Angelina E. Castagno and Ricky Camplain and Jani C. Ingram and Davona Blackhorse},
doi = {10.1002/sce.21792},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-03-22},
journal = {Science Education},
volume = {107},
number = {4},
pages = {837-852},
abstract = {This article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
This article presents data from a survey of over 400 Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM (science, technology, engineering, mathematics, medicine) fields to answer the questions: What are the perceived ethical/cultural/spiritual conflicts Indigenous students and professionals in STEMM face? Is there an association between the cultural characteristics of Indigenous students and professionals and the ethical, cultural, and spiritual conflicts they face? Our findings indicate that many standard practices in STEMM fields do indeed conflict with taboos in various Indigenous communities and that these conflicts are more prevalent for people with higher cultural characteristics scores and for those in specific STEMM disciplines. Our research provides an empirical complement to the rich and growing body of literature on Indigenous science, epistemologies, and traditional ecological knowledge.
Sabo, Samantha; O'Meara, Louisa; Yellowhair, Janet; Hamilton, Joyce; Nashio, JT; Bender, Brook; Jr., Fernando Flores; Bennett, Marianne; Metts, Rema; Denton, Isabella; Russell, Kim
In: Frontiers in Public Health, vol. 11, 2023.
@article{Sabo2023b,
title = {Community Health Representative Workforce: Integration across systems and teams to address the social determinants of indigenous health and wellbeing},
author = {Samantha Sabo and Louisa O'Meara and Janet Yellowhair and Joyce Hamilton and JT Nashio and Brook Bender and Fernando Flores Jr. and Marianne Bennett and Rema Metts and Isabella Denton and Kim Russell},
editor = {Lily K. Lee},
url = {https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2023.1047152},
doi = {10.3389/fpubh.2023.1047152},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-03-15},
journal = {Frontiers in Public Health},
volume = {11},
abstract = {Tribally employed, Community Health Representatives (CHRs) serving Indigenous and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) peoples are culturally and linguistically embedded community leaders, with the unique ability to serve as the link and intermediary between community members and systems. Unique to the CHR workforce scope of practice is the expectation for high level integration within the medical and social service care team. This explicit role outlined in the scope of work sets an expectation for both CHR and care teams to deliver integrated patient, family, and systems level care coordination and case management. This paper aims to build from our previous manuscript published in Volume 1 of the special issue Community Health Workers Practice from Recruitment to Integration. In that Volume, we explored through a Community Case Study CHR Managers’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for full CHR integration into health systems and teams serving AIAN. In this paper, we offer new information about the current CHR and CHR Managers’ involvements and perceived level of integration within health care teams and the broader public health systems addressing the social and structural determinants of health. We approach this topic considering the COVID-19 pandemic and how CHRs and CHR Programs were included and not included in tribal pandemic response efforts.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
Tribally employed, Community Health Representatives (CHRs) serving Indigenous and American Indian and Alaskan Native (AIAN) peoples are culturally and linguistically embedded community leaders, with the unique ability to serve as the link and intermediary between community members and systems. Unique to the CHR workforce scope of practice is the expectation for high level integration within the medical and social service care team. This explicit role outlined in the scope of work sets an expectation for both CHR and care teams to deliver integrated patient, family, and systems level care coordination and case management. This paper aims to build from our previous manuscript published in Volume 1 of the special issue Community Health Workers Practice from Recruitment to Integration. In that Volume, we explored through a Community Case Study CHR Managers’ perspectives on the challenges and opportunities for full CHR integration into health systems and teams serving AIAN. In this paper, we offer new information about the current CHR and CHR Managers’ involvements and perceived level of integration within health care teams and the broader public health systems addressing the social and structural determinants of health. We approach this topic considering the COVID-19 pandemic and how CHRs and CHR Programs were included and not included in tribal pandemic response efforts.
Bosch, Pamela R.; Barr, Dawn; Roy, Indrakshi; Fabricant, Maximillian; Mann, Audrey; Mangone, Elizabeth; Karmarkar, Amol; Kumar, Amit
Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke Journal Article
In: ScienceDirect, vol. 5, no. 1, 2023.
@article{Bosch2023,
title = {Association of Caregiver Availability and Training With Patient Community Discharge After Stroke},
author = {Pamela R. Bosch and Dawn Barr and Indrakshi Roy and Maximillian Fabricant and Audrey Mann and Elizabeth Mangone and Amol Karmarkar and Amit Kumar},
url = {https://doi.org/10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251},
doi = {10.1016/j.arrct.2022.100251},
year = {2023},
date = {2023-03-15},
journal = {ScienceDirect},
volume = {5},
number = {1},
abstract = {To examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. 1397 adult patients (mean ± SD age: 69.4 [13.5]; 724 men) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (N=1397).
82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively).
Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.},
keywords = {},
pubstate = {published},
tppubtype = {article}
}
To examine the association between committed caregivers and caregiver training with community discharge from inpatient rehabilitation after a stroke. 1397 adult patients (mean ± SD age: 69.4 [13.5]; 724 men) transferred from an acute care setting to inpatient rehabilitation after an ischemic or hemorrhagic stroke (N=1397).
82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively).
Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.
82.4% of patients had caregivers, 63.4% of patient caregivers received training at the IRF, and 79.5% had community discharge. After adjusting for age, stroke severity, functional status, and other social risk factors, having a committed caregiver and caregiver training were significantly associated with community discharge (odds ratio [OR]=7.80, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 5.03-12.10 and OR=4.89, 95% CI: 3.16-7.57, respectively).
Caregivers increase a patient's likelihood of discharge from IRF; the added benefit of caregiver training needs to be further assessed, with essential elements prioritized prior to patients’ IRF discharge.